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|
import json
import math
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from uuid import UUID
from r2r.main.execution import R2RExecutionWrapper
expected_logs = [
{
"run_id": ...,
"run_type": "ingestion",
"entries": [
{
"key": "document_parse_result",
"value": "Document 'aristotle.txt' processed successfully.",
}
],
},
{
"run_id": ...,
"run_type": "search",
"entries": [
{"key": "search_latency", "value": "0.45"},
{
"key": "search_results",
"value": '["{\\"id\\":\\"7ed3a01c-88dc-5a58-a68b-6e5d9f292df2\\",\\"score\\":0.773841586847122,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle[A] (Greek: \\u1f08\\u03c1\\u03b9\\u03c3\\u03c4\\u03bf\\u03c4\\u03ad\\u03bb\\u03b7\\u03c2 Aristot\\u00e9l\\u0113s, pronounced [aristot\\u00e9l\\u025b\\u02d0s]; 384\\u2013322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts. As the founder of the Peripatetic school of philosophy in the Lyceum in Athens, he began the wider Aristotelian tradition that followed, which set the groundwork for the development of modern science.\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":0,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"e6f58828-2e6d-5eb1-94f3-efbc0b7c1699\\",\\"score\\":0.669298529624939,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was revered among medieval Muslim scholars as \\\\\\"The First Teacher\\\\\\", and among medieval Christians like Thomas Aquinas as simply \\\\\\"The Philosopher\\\\\\", while the poet Dante called him \\\\\\"the master of those who know\\\\\\". His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, and were studied by medieval scholars such as Peter Abelard and Jean Buridan. Aristotle\'s influence on logic continued well into the 19th century. In addition, his ethics, although always influential, gained renewed interest with\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":5,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"c818bc72-2ac8-581b-b51a-0ca826f5f2b8\\",\\"score\\":0.652687707703574,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was born in 384 BC[C] in Stagira, Chalcidice,[2] about 55 km (34 miles) east of modern-day Thessaloniki.[3][4] His father, Nicomachus, was the personal physician to King Amyntas of Macedon. While he was young, Aristotle learned about biology and medical information, which was taught by his father.[5] Both of Aristotle\'s parents died when he was about thirteen, and Proxenus of Atarneus became his guardian.[6] Although little information about Aristotle\'s childhood has survived, he probably spent\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":8,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"d8ea40eb-cd48-5bd7-b2df-05f6268aed10\\",\\"score\\":0.636079056730387,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle has been called the father of logic, biology, political science, zoology, embryology, natural law, scientific method, rhetoric, psychology, realism, criticism, individualism, teleology, and meteorology.[151]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":177,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"b32f0e19-029f-5b3f-856c-e7e4141f52f5\\",\\"score\\":0.624098479747772,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Among countless other achievements, Aristotle was the founder of formal logic,[146] pioneered the study of zoology, and left every future scientist and philosopher in his debt through his contributions to the scientific method.[2][147][148] Taneli Kukkonen, observes that his achievement in founding two sciences is unmatched, and his reach in influencing \\\\\\"every branch of intellectual enterprise\\\\\\" including Western ethical and political theory, theology, rhetoric, and literary analysis is equally long. As a\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":175,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"e6c5d5f6-7fc4-5bb8-847d-44cfa16f5178\\",\\"score\\":0.619364976882935,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Little is known about Aristotle\'s life. He was born in the city of Stagira in northern Greece during the Classical period. His father, Nicomachus, died when Aristotle was a child, and he was brought up by a guardian. At 17 or 18, he joined Plato\'s Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of 37 (c.\\u2009347 BC). Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request of Philip II of Macedon, tutored his son Alexander the Great beginning in 343 BC. He established a library in the Lyceum,\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":1,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"90b891ee-0a67-54ba-838a-e02e1647adab\\",\\"score\\":0.6177915291003779,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Like his teacher Plato, Aristotle\'s philosophy aims at the universal. Aristotle\'s ontology places the universal (katholou) in particulars (kath\' hekaston), things in the world, whereas for Plato the universal is a separately existing form which actual things imitate. For Aristotle, \\\\\\"form\\\\\\" is still what phenomena are based on, but is \\\\\\"instantiated\\\\\\" in a particular substance.[34]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":37,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"5f6213d1-a46b-5ed4-a15c-e95bab271621\\",\\"score\\":0.606411576271057,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was one of the most revered Western thinkers in early Islamic theology. Most of the still extant works of Aristotle,[167] as well as a number of the original Greek commentaries, were translated into Arabic and studied by Muslim philosophers, scientists and scholars. Averroes, Avicenna and Alpharabius, who wrote on Aristotle in great depth, also influenced Thomas Aquinas and other Western Christian scholastic philosophers. Alkindus greatly admired Aristotle\'s philosophy,[168] and Averroes spoke of\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":194,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"ce43de17-635c-5a01-aae2-e160a6d56f4b\\",\\"score\\":0.601802307421038,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"passed to Plato\'s nephew Speusippus, although it is possible that he feared the anti-Macedonian sentiments in Athens at that time and left before Plato died.[10] Aristotle then accompanied Xenocrates to the court of his friend Hermias of Atarneus in Asia Minor. After the death of Hermias, Aristotle travelled with his pupil Theophrastus to the island of Lesbos, where together they researched the botany and zoology of the island and its sheltered lagoon. While in Lesbos, Aristotle married Pythias, either\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":12,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"8550e2b7-43f8-5a59-9c13-c9678670a2da\\",\\"score\\":0.595871686935425,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"The immediate influence of Aristotle\'s work was felt as the Lyceum grew into the Peripatetic school. Aristotle\'s students included Aristoxenus, Dicaearchus, Demetrius of Phalerum, Eudemos of Rhodes, Harpalus, Hephaestion, Mnason of Phocis, Nicomachus, and Theophrastus. Aristotle\'s influence over Alexander the Great is seen in the latter\'s bringing with him on his expedition a host of zoologists, botanists, and researchers. He had also learned a great deal about Persian customs and traditions from his\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":181,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}"]',
},
{"key": "search_query", "value": "who is aristotle?"},
],
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# {'run_id': ..., 'run_type': 'search', 'entries': [{'key': 'search_query', 'value': 'who is aristotle?'}, {'key': 'search_latency', 'value': '0.51'}, {'key': 'search_results', 'value': '["{\\"id\\":\\"7ed3a01c-88dc-5a58-a68b-6e5d9f292df2\\",\\"score\\":0.773841586847122,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle[A] (Greek: \\u1f08\\u03c1\\u03b9\\u03c3\\u03c4\\u03bf\\u03c4\\u03ad\\u03bb\\u03b7\\u03c2 Aristot\\u00e9l\\u0113s, pronounced [aristot\\u00e9l\\u025b\\u02d0s]; 384\\u2013322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts. As the founder of the Peripatetic school of philosophy in the Lyceum in Athens, he began the wider Aristotelian tradition that followed, which set the groundwork for the development of modern science.\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":0,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"e6f58828-2e6d-5eb1-94f3-efbc0b7c1699\\",\\"score\\":0.669298529624939,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was revered among medieval Muslim scholars as \\\\\\"The First Teacher\\\\\\", and among medieval Christians like Thomas Aquinas as simply \\\\\\"The Philosopher\\\\\\", while the poet Dante called him \\\\\\"the master of those who know\\\\\\". His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, and were studied by medieval scholars such as Peter Abelard and Jean Buridan. Aristotle\'s influence on logic continued well into the 19th century. In addition, his ethics, although always influential, gained renewed interest with\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":5,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"c818bc72-2ac8-581b-b51a-0ca826f5f2b8\\",\\"score\\":0.652687707703574,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was born in 384 BC[C] in Stagira, Chalcidice,[2] about 55 km (34 miles) east of modern-day Thessaloniki.[3][4] His father, Nicomachus, was the personal physician to King Amyntas of Macedon. While he was young, Aristotle learned about biology and medical information, which was taught by his father.[5] Both of Aristotle\'s parents died when he was about thirteen, and Proxenus of Atarneus became his guardian.[6] Although little information about Aristotle\'s childhood has survived, he probably spent\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":8,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"d8ea40eb-cd48-5bd7-b2df-05f6268aed10\\",\\"score\\":0.636050164699554,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle has been called the father of logic, biology, political science, zoology, embryology, natural law, scientific method, rhetoric, psychology, realism, criticism, individualism, teleology, and meteorology.[151]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":177,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"b32f0e19-029f-5b3f-856c-e7e4141f52f5\\",\\"score\\":0.624127291194959,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Among countless other achievements, Aristotle was the founder of formal logic,[146] pioneered the study of zoology, and left every future scientist and philosopher in his debt through his contributions to the scientific method.[2][147][148] Taneli Kukkonen, observes that his achievement in founding two sciences is unmatched, and his reach in influencing \\\\\\"every branch of intellectual enterprise\\\\\\" including Western ethical and political theory, theology, rhetoric, and literary analysis is equally long. As a\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":175,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"e6c5d5f6-7fc4-5bb8-847d-44cfa16f5178\\",\\"score\\":0.619364976882935,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Little is known about Aristotle\'s life. He was born in the city of Stagira in northern Greece during the Classical period. His father, Nicomachus, died when Aristotle was a child, and he was brought up by a guardian. At 17 or 18, he joined Plato\'s Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of 37 (c.\\u2009347 BC). Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request of Philip II of Macedon, tutored his son Alexander the Great beginning in 343 BC. He established a library in the Lyceum,\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":1,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"90b891ee-0a67-54ba-838a-e02e1647adab\\",\\"score\\":0.6177915291003779,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Like his teacher Plato, Aristotle\'s philosophy aims at the universal. Aristotle\'s ontology places the universal (katholou) in particulars (kath\' hekaston), things in the world, whereas for Plato the universal is a separately existing form which actual things imitate. For Aristotle, \\\\\\"form\\\\\\" is still what phenomena are based on, but is \\\\\\"instantiated\\\\\\" in a particular substance.[34]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":37,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"5f6213d1-a46b-5ed4-a15c-e95bab271621\\",\\"score\\":0.606407422018273,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was one of the most revered Western thinkers in early Islamic theology. Most of the still extant works of Aristotle,[167] as well as a number of the original Greek commentaries, were translated into Arabic and studied by Muslim philosophers, scientists and scholars. Averroes, Avicenna and Alpharabius, who wrote on Aristotle in great depth, also influenced Thomas Aquinas and other Western Christian scholastic philosophers. Alkindus greatly admired Aristotle\'s philosophy,[168] and Averroes spoke of\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":194,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"ce43de17-635c-5a01-aae2-e160a6d56f4b\\",\\"score\\":0.601802307421038,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"passed to Plato\'s nephew Speusippus, although it is possible that he feared the anti-Macedonian sentiments in Athens at that time and left before Plato died.[10] Aristotle then accompanied Xenocrates to the court of his friend Hermias of Atarneus in Asia Minor. After the death of Hermias, Aristotle travelled with his pupil Theophrastus to the island of Lesbos, where together they researched the botany and zoology of the island and its sheltered lagoon. While in Lesbos, Aristotle married Pythias, either\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":12,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"8550e2b7-43f8-5a59-9c13-c9678670a2da\\",\\"score\\":0.5959202888059449,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"The immediate influence of Aristotle\'s work was felt as the Lyceum grew into the Peripatetic school. Aristotle\'s students included Aristoxenus, Dicaearchus, Demetrius of Phalerum, Eudemos of Rhodes, Harpalus, Hephaestion, Mnason of Phocis, Nicomachus, and Theophrastus. Aristotle\'s influence over Alexander the Great is seen in the latter\'s bringing with him on his expedition a host of zoologists, botanists, and researchers. He had also learned a great deal about Persian customs and traditions from his\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":181,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"1175585b-fc58-5e44-bfcb-cb1996289936\\",\\"score\\":0.594988668263635,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"after friends and relatives, and to deal with the latter as with beasts or plants\\\\\\".[13] By 335 BC, Aristotle had returned to Athens, establishing his own school there known as the Lyceum. Aristotle conducted courses at the school for the next twelve years. While in Athens, his wife Pythias died and Aristotle became involved with Herpyllis of Stagira. They had a son whom Aristotle named after his father, Nicomachus. If the Suda \\u2013 an uncritical compilation from the Middle Ages \\u2013 is accurate, he may also have\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":16,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"8f8f5140-2d4b-5877-9cfb-d2df590831c2\\",\\"score\\":0.5928938565520601,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"In Protrepticus, the character \'Aristotle\' states:[123]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":147,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"ee40bbc8-16f7-5808-8f14-c8fd16391cfc\\",\\"score\\":0.591026663780212,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Transmission\\\\nFurther information: List of writers influenced by Aristotle\\\\nMore than 2300 years after his death, Aristotle remains one of the most influential people who ever lived.[142][143][144] He contributed to almost every field of human knowledge then in existence, and he was the founder of many new fields. According to the philosopher Bryan Magee, \\\\\\"it is doubtful whether any human being has ever known as much as he did\\\\\\".[145]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":174,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"703219b2-3284-533f-8df7-fee42f52c3d2\\",\\"score\\":0.5850032146276001,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"At the age of seventeen or eighteen, Aristotle moved to Athens to continue his education at Plato\'s Academy.[8] He probably experienced the Eleusinian Mysteries as he wrote when describing the sights one viewed at the Eleusinian Mysteries, \\\\\\"to experience is to learn\\\\\\" [\\u03c0\\u03b1\\u03b8\\u03b5\\u03af\\u03bd \\u03bc\\u03b1\\u03b8\\u03b5\\u0129\\u03bd].[9] Aristotle remained in Athens for nearly twenty years before leaving in 348/47 BC. The traditional story about his departure records that he was disappointed with the Academy\'s direction after control passed to Plato\'s\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":11,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"044a1a8a-7661-52b9-af63-83c243216d34\\",\\"score\\":0.5834955821337959,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"\\u2014\\u200aAristotle. Politics, Book 4, 1294b.10\\u201318\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":152,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"4173b9bc-4b39-5dc1-b9af-a2fc0e282389\\",\\"score\\":0.5787635539488301,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"This period in Athens, between 335 and 323 BC, is when Aristotle is believed to have composed many of his works.[12] He wrote many dialogues, of which only fragments have survived. Those works that have survived are in treatise form and were not, for the most part, intended for widespread publication; they are generally thought to be lecture aids for his students. His most important treatises include Physics, Metaphysics, Nicomachean Ethics, Politics, On the Soul and Poetics. Aristotle studied and made\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":19,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"038127f5-6603-5258-8658-7c60eaf3dae3\\",\\"score\\":0.575957238674164,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Averroes spoke of Aristotle as the \\\\\\"exemplar\\\\\\" for all future philosophers.[169] Medieval Muslim scholars regularly described Aristotle as the \\\\\\"First Teacher\\\\\\".[167] The title was later used by Western philosophers (as in the famous poem of Dante) who were influenced by the tradition of Islamic philosophy.[170]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":195,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"5fb90839-d04c-50b0-8f7f-ffc1a938c019\\",\\"score\\":0.574642419815063,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was appointed as the head of the royal Academy of Macedon. During Aristotle\'s time in the Macedonian court, he gave lessons not only to Alexander but also to two other future kings: Ptolemy and Cassander.[13] Aristotle encouraged Alexander toward eastern conquest, and Aristotle\'s own attitude towards Persia was unabashedly ethnocentric. In one famous example, he counsels Alexander to be \\\\\\"a leader to the Greeks and a despot to the barbarians, to look after the former as after friends and\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":15,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"76a117a7-706b-5d7f-a856-e5fc4bb0d8a2\\",\\"score\\":0.5701740640298101,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Life\\\\nIn general, the details of Aristotle\'s life are not well-established. The biographies written in ancient times are often speculative and historians only agree on a few salient points.[B]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":7,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"d64af737-640e-5ea0-9259-4c83638a714d\\",\\"score\\":0.565754532814026,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was the first person to study biology systematically,[61] and biology forms a large part of his writings. He spent two years observing and describing the zoology of Lesbos and the surrounding seas, including in particular the Pyrrha lagoon in the centre of Lesbos.[62][63] His data in History of Animals, Generation of Animals, Movement of Animals, and Parts of Animals are assembled from his own observations,[64] statements given by people with specialized knowledge, such as beekeepers and\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":85,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"d00de43e-11c4-59b9-ba09-c16ad525a3d3\\",\\"score\\":0.56225860118866,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle wrote his works on papyrus scrolls, the common writing medium of that era.[O] His writings are divisible into two groups: the \\\\\\"exoteric\\\\\\", intended for the public, and the \\\\\\"esoteric\\\\\\", for use within the Lyceum school.[208][P][209] Aristotle\'s \\\\\\"lost\\\\\\" works stray considerably in characterization from the surviving Aristotelian corpus. Whereas the lost works appear to have been originally written with a view to subsequent publication, the surviving works mostly resemble lecture notes not intended for\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":222,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"dec8fec3-2b27-554b-b953-27db6a221078\\",\\"score\\":0.561229228973389,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle\'s views profoundly shaped medieval scholarship. The influence of his physical science extended from late antiquity and the Early Middle Ages into the Renaissance, and was not replaced systematically until the Enlightenment and theories such as classical mechanics were developed. He influenced Judeo-Islamic philosophies during the Middle Ages, as well as Christian theology, especially the Neoplatonism of the Early Church and the scholastic tradition of the Catholic Church.\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":4,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"eb18cdd3-981e-54bb-835d-5988776c5bb9\\",\\"score\\":0.557450473308563,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"With the loss of the study of ancient Greek in the early medieval Latin West, Aristotle was practically unknown there from c.\\u2009CE 600 to c.\\u20091100 except through the Latin translation of the Organon made by Boethius. In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, interest in Aristotle revived and Latin Christians had translations made, both from Arabic translations, such as those by Gerard of Cremona,[171] and from the original Greek, such as those by James of Venice and William of Moerbeke.\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":197,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"40014d76-eba6-5a2a-9c2b-672ac6ddd212\\",\\"score\\":0.557388577305591,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"The Dutch historian of science Eduard Jan Dijksterhuis writes that Aristotle and his predecessors showed the difficulty of science by \\\\\\"proceed[ing] so readily to frame a theory of such a general character\\\\\\" on limited evidence from their senses.[192] In 1985, the biologist Peter Medawar could still state in \\\\\\"pure seventeenth century\\\\\\"[193] tones that Aristotle had assembled \\\\\\"a strange and generally speaking rather tiresome farrago of hearsay, imperfect observation, wishful thinking and credulity amounting to\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":212,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"65c3d9cd-0ab5-5ef7-8296-a1baeff3592d\\",\\"score\\":0.5566293664728881,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle made substantial contributions to economic thought, especially to thought in the Middle Ages.[128] In Politics, Aristotle addresses the city, property, and trade. His response to criticisms of private property, in Lionel Robbins\'s view, anticipated later proponents of private property among philosophers and economists, as it related to the overall utility of social arrangements.[128] Aristotle believed that although communal arrangements may seem beneficial to society, and that although private\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":156,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"a2cc5fc4-99a4-53c5-8c74-2c68399f2a7e\\",\\"score\\":0.549582594682865,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Practical philosophy\\\\nAristotle\'s practical philosophy covers areas such as ethics, politics, economics, and rhetoric.[40]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":134,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"27a6a904-7b94-59ca-81ea-8b99b2816f81\\",\\"score\\":0.547278100576631,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"After the Scholastic Thomas Aquinas wrote his Summa Theologica, working from Moerbeke\'s translations and calling Aristotle \\\\\\"The Philosopher\\\\\\",[172] the demand for Aristotle\'s writings grew, and the Greek manuscripts returned to the West, stimulating a revival of Aristotelianism in Europe that continued into the Renaissance.[173] These thinkers blended Aristotelian philosophy with Christianity, bringing the thought of Ancient Greece into the Middle Ages. Scholars such as Boethius, Peter Abelard, and John\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":198,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"d4fcaaff-1d1e-5ed4-8d60-6a71a5721ea4\\",\\"score\\":0.544766214801896,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle\'s view, incapable of participating in political life.[124] On this ground, proponents of feminist metaphysics have accused Aristotle of misogyny[125] and sexism.[126] However, Aristotle gave equal weight to women\'s happiness as he did to men\'s, and commented in his Rhetoric that the things that lead to happiness need to be in women as well as men.[N]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":154,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"fe38e23d-4798-5cd3-8d42-e858f7e97537\\",\\"score\\":0.54476398229599,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Theoretical philosophy\\\\nLogic\\\\nMain article: Term logic\\\\nFurther information: Non-Aristotelian logic\\\\nWith the Prior Analytics, Aristotle is credited with the earliest study of formal logic,[23] and his conception of it was the dominant form of Western logic until 19th-century advances in mathematical logic.[24] Kant stated in the Critique of Pure Reason that with Aristotle, logic reached its completion.[25]\\\\n\\\\nOrganon\\\\nMain article: Organon\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":23,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"b29f4f0e-c033-5613-a8fa-62ea11f951ed\\",\\"score\\":0.5409726500511169,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Zoologists have frequently mocked Aristotle for errors and unverified secondhand reports. However, modern observation has confirmed several of his more surprising claims.[195][196][197] Aristotle\'s work remains largely unknown to modern scientists, though zoologists sometimes mention him as the father of biology[150] or in particular of marine biology.[198] Practising zoologists are unlikely to adhere to Aristotle\'s chain of being, but its influence is still perceptible in the use of the terms \\\\\\"lower\\\\\\" and\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":214,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"cb6775dd-85a1-5e62-bd23-b00842a34231\\",\\"score\\":0.53917521238327,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Ethics\\\\nMain article: Aristotelian ethics\\\\nAristotle considered ethics to be a practical rather than theoretical study, i.e., one aimed at becoming good and doing good rather than knowing for its own sake. He wrote several treatises on ethics, most notably including the Nicomachean Ethics.[117]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":136,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"31ddcd60-5b19-5b9c-9f47-6b144001308f\\",\\"score\\":0.5359366855583609,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle has been depicted by major artists including Lucas Cranach the Elder,[218] Justus van Gent, Raphael, Paolo Veronese, Jusepe de Ribera,[219] Rembrandt,[220] and Francesco Hayez over the centuries. Among the best-known depictions is Raphael\'s fresco The School of Athens, in the Vatican\'s Apostolic Palace, where the figures of Plato and Aristotle are central to the image, at the architectural vanishing point, reflecting their importance.[221] Rembrandt\'s Aristotle with a Bust of Homer, too, is a\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":231,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"c3c15401-51cf-5c53-8182-feac4f7fc6cf\\",\\"score\\":0.535427896056898,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Though Aristotle wrote many elegant treatises and dialogues for publication, only around a third of his original output has survived, none of it intended for publication. Aristotle provided a complex synthesis of the various philosophies existing prior to him. His teachings and methods of inquiry have had a significant impact across the world, and remain a subject of contemporary philosophical discussion.\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":3,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"b5da0460-6b55-550a-ad14-3eae61df567f\\",\\"score\\":0.53429651260376,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle\'s views on women influenced later Western philosophers, who quoted him as an authority until the end of the Middle Ages, but these views have been controversial in modern times. Aristotle\'s analysis of procreation describes an active, ensouling masculine element bringing life to an inert, passive female element. The biological differences are a result of the fact that the female body is well-suited for reproduction, which changes her body temperature, which in turn makes her, in Aristotle\'s view,\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":153,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"bbb9c9e5-c084-5068-ac8a-019c8441eebb\\",\\"score\\":0.532585024833679,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"The scholar Taneli Kukkonen notes that \\\\\\"in the best 20th-century scholarship Aristotle comes alive as a thinker wrestling with the full weight of the Greek philosophical tradition.\\\\\\"[148] What follows is an overview of the transmission and influence of his texts and ideas into the modern era.\\\\n\\\\nHis successor, Theophrastus\\\\nMain articles: Theophrastus and Historia Plantarum (Theophrastus)\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":178,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"8b9081fd-5603-5704-9ba6-8957525f0c05\\",\\"score\\":0.532379746437073,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Politics\\\\nMain article: Politics (Aristotle)\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":141,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"f56f324f-e2fe-5552-b4fd-a2324d080e97\\",\\"score\\":0.5316953063011169,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"equally long. As a result, Kukkonen argues, any analysis of reality today \\\\\\"will almost certainly carry Aristotelian overtones ... evidence of an exceptionally forceful mind.\\\\\\"[148] Jonathan Barnes wrote that \\\\\\"an account of Aristotle\'s intellectual afterlife would be little less than a history of European thought\\\\\\".[149]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":176,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"1e64fff6-6f61-5490-8743-4947487cced2\\",\\"score\\":0.5270282030105591,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Present science\\\\nThe philosopher Bertrand Russell claims that \\\\\\"almost every serious intellectual advance has had to begin with an attack on some Aristotelian doctrine\\\\\\". Russell calls Aristotle\'s ethics \\\\\\"repulsive\\\\\\", and labelled his logic \\\\\\"as definitely antiquated as Ptolemaic astronomy\\\\\\". Russell states that these errors make it difficult to do historical justice to Aristotle, until one remembers what an advance he made upon all of his predecessors.[191]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":211,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"68446969-0dbf-5cbb-852a-07612d886c46\\",\\"score\\":0.525567233562469,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Plato (left) and Aristotle in Raphael\'s 1509 fresco, The School of Athens. Aristotle holds his Nicomachean Ethics and gestures to the earth, representing his view in immanent realism, whilst Plato gestures to the heavens, indicating his Theory of Forms, and holds his Timaeus.[26][27]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":24,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"794a7a47-8157-5a75-b3d4-7bd51dd9f04e\\",\\"score\\":0.523991107940674,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"The works of Aristotle that have survived from antiquity through medieval manuscript transmission are collected in the Corpus Aristotelicum. These texts, as opposed to Aristotle\'s lost works, are technical philosophical treatises from within Aristotle\'s school.[205] Reference to them is made according to the organization of Immanuel Bekker\'s Royal Prussian Academy edition (Aristotelis Opera edidit Academia Regia Borussica, Berlin, 1831\\u20131870), which in turn is based on ancient classifications of these\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":219,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"30561c1d-cdf7-5281-beb5-25d98903fb8f\\",\\"score\\":0.523762373700001,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Charles Darwin regarded Aristotle as the most important contributor to the subject of biology. In an 1882 letter he wrote that \\\\\\"Linnaeus and Cuvier have been my two gods, though in very different ways, but they were mere schoolboys to old Aristotle\\\\\\".[187][188] Also, in later editions of the book \\\\\\"On the Origin of Species\', Darwin traced evolutionary ideas as far back as Aristotle;[189] the text he cites is a summary by Aristotle of the ideas of the earlier Greek philosopher Empedocles.[190]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":210,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"a0dafc12-79f1-506c-8916-41733f864a76\\",\\"score\\":0.522506475448608,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"traditions from his teacher. Although his respect for Aristotle was diminished as his travels made it clear that much of Aristotle\'s geography was clearly wrong, when the old philosopher released his works to the public, Alexander complained \\\\\\"Thou hast not done well to publish thy acroamatic doctrines; for in what shall I surpass other men if those doctrines wherein I have been trained are to be all men\'s common property?\\\\\\"[155]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":182,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"d2e3d3b2-a20d-510a-a96f-9705b02411be\\",\\"score\\":0.5219854116439819,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Moses Maimonides (considered to be the foremost intellectual figure of medieval Judaism)[179] adopted Aristotelianism from the Islamic scholars and based his Guide for the Perplexed on it and that became the basis of Jewish scholastic philosophy. Maimonides also considered Aristotle to be the greatest philosopher that ever lived, and styled him as the \\\\\\"chief of the philosophers\\\\\\".[180][181][182] Also, in his letter to Samuel ibn Tibbon, Maimonides observes that there is no need for Samuel to study the\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":203,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"c2c7aa9c-8a52-5ccf-b5e6-ab9e918cac18\\",\\"score\\":0.5219346284866331,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Metaphysics\\\\nMain article: Metaphysics (Aristotle)\\\\nThe word \\\\\\"metaphysics\\\\\\" appears to have been coined by the first century AD editor who assembled various small selections of Aristotle\'s works to the treatise we know by the name Metaphysics.[34] Aristotle called it \\\\\\"first philosophy\\\\\\", and distinguished it from mathematics and natural science (physics) as the contemplative (theoretik\\u0113) philosophy which is \\\\\\"theological\\\\\\" and studies the divine. He wrote in his Metaphysics (1026a16):\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":30,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"fad6a42d-845f-5f75-9416-560f6bdfc622\\",\\"score\\":0.5203073620796199,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Near the end of his life, Alexander and Aristotle became estranged over Alexander\'s relationship with Persia and Persians. A widespread tradition in antiquity suspected Aristotle of playing a role in Alexander\'s death, but the only evidence of this is an unlikely claim made some six years after the death.[16] Following Alexander\'s death, anti-Macedonian sentiment in Athens was rekindled. In 322 BC, Demophilus and Eurymedon the Hierophant reportedly denounced Aristotle for impiety,[17] prompting him to flee\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":21,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"ccfa969d-8634-5dd8-8b8f-e664667f95a0\\",\\"score\\":0.520039439201355,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"In addition to his works on ethics, which address the individual, Aristotle addressed the city in his work titled Politics. Aristotle considered the city to be a natural community. Moreover, he considered the city to be prior in importance to the family, which in turn is prior to the individual, \\\\\\"for the whole must of necessity be prior to the part\\\\\\".[120] He famously stated that \\\\\\"man is by nature a political animal\\\\\\" and argued that humanity\'s defining factor among others in the animal kingdom is its\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":142,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"f5db5c10-ace8-5a28-9b15-d1ef88ac2754\\",\\"score\\":0.519339799880981,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"sense, Aristotle\'s biology is scientific.[78]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":96,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"5c80f870-f275-5109-a752-5f9e0caf859c\\",\\"score\\":0.517741410866893,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle\'s \\\\\\"natural philosophy\\\\\\" spans a wide range of natural phenomena including those now covered by physics, biology and other natural sciences.[40] In Aristotle\'s terminology, \\\\\\"natural philosophy\\\\\\" is a branch of philosophy examining the phenomena of the natural world, and includes fields that would be regarded today as physics, biology and other natural sciences. Aristotle\'s work encompassed virtually all facets of intellectual inquiry. Aristotle makes philosophy in the broad sense coextensive with\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":51,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"87154733-18e0-56c0-9d00-a6e3d3601277\\",\\"score\\":0.513434050865886,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle\'s writings on motion remained influential until the Early Modern period. John Philoponus (in Late antiquity) and Galileo (in Early modern period) are said to have shown by experiment that Aristotle\'s claim that a heavier object falls faster than a lighter object is incorrect.[40] A contrary opinion is given by Carlo Rovelli, who argues that Aristotle\'s physics of motion is correct within its domain of validity, that of objects in the Earth\'s gravitational field immersed in a fluid such as air. In\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":64,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"d7fed20f-2710-529e-8518-33e31335ee4e\\",\\"score\\":0.513187944889069,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle taught that virtue has to do with the proper function (ergon) of a thing. An eye is only a good eye in so much as it can see, because the proper function of an eye is sight. Aristotle reasoned that humans must have a function specific to humans, and that this function must be an activity of the psuch\\u0113 (soul) in accordance with reason (logos). Aristotle identified such an optimum activity (the virtuous mean, between the accompanying vices of excess or deficiency[15]) of the soul as the aim of all\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":137,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"604d5540-35cf-5575-90ac-e77cddf30b79\\",\\"score\\":0.50912079269414,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle also made many observations about the hydrologic cycle. For example, he made some of the earliest observations about desalination: he observed early \\u2013 and correctly \\u2013 that when seawater is heated, freshwater evaporates and that the oceans are then replenished by the cycle of rainfall and river runoff (\\\\\\"I have proved by experiment that salt water evaporated forms fresh and the vapor does not when it condenses condense into sea water again.\\\\\\")[60]\\\\n\\\\nBiology\\\\nMain article: Aristotle\'s biology\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":83,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"a1d385d3-062f-5b72-9ee6-8b6ba0d68140\\",\\"score\\":0.506430864334106,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"According to Strabo and Plutarch, after Aristotle\'s death, his library and writings went to Theophrastus (Aristotle\'s successor as head of the Lycaeum and the Peripatetic school).[215] After the death of Theophrastus, the peripatetic library went to Neleus of Scepsis.[216]:\\u200a5\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":225,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"3f156748-3db2-5d2a-bce2-4267f9b46784\\",\\"score\\":0.502232283220752,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Most of Aristotle\'s work is probably not in its original form, because it was most likely edited by students and later lecturers. The logical works of Aristotle were compiled into a set of six books called the Organon around 40 BC by Andronicus of Rhodes or others among his followers.[28] The books are:\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":25,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"75295549-fd8c-562c-8a19-26ba3276c9e8\\",\\"score\\":0.500771760848554,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Islamic portrayal of Aristotle (right) in the Kit\\u0101b na\\u02bft al-\\u1e25ayaw\\u0101n, c.\\u20091220.[166]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":193,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"bf8a1c08-f7fb-5636-83bf-87b9af9561e1\\",\\"score\\":0.500191748119388,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle did not do experiments in the modern sense.[74] He used the ancient Greek term pepeiramenoi to mean observations, or at most investigative procedures like dissection.[75] In Generation of Animals, he finds a fertilized hen\'s egg of a suitable stage and opens it to see the embryo\'s heart beating inside.[76][77]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":94,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"ace70c54-12d0-5dc2-9b27-b566e985e0f7\\",\\"score\\":0.49837121377162896,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Portrait bust of Aristotle; an Imperial Roman (1st or 2nd century AD) copy of a lost bronze sculpture made by Lysippos.\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":18,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"900f6eb4-d13b-5129-9ed6-3f78b31b83b1\\",\\"score\\":0.49812573194503795,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"The first medical teacher at Alexandria, Herophilus of Chalcedon, corrected Aristotle, placing intelligence in the brain, and connected the nervous system to motion and sensation. Herophilus also distinguished between veins and arteries, noting that the latter pulse while the former do not.[157] Though a few ancient atomists such as Lucretius challenged the teleological viewpoint of Aristotelian ideas about life, teleology (and after the rise of Christianity, natural theology) would remain central to\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":184,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"4c6bf2b3-9140-5fe5-adba-27579b339647\\",\\"score\\":0.49481466443451305,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"One of Aristotle\'s types of syllogism[D]\\\\nIn words\\\\tIn\\\\nterms[E]\\\\tIn equations[F]\\\\n All men are mortal.\\\\n\\\\n All Greeks are men.\\\\n\\\\n\\u2234 All Greeks are mortal.\\\\tM a P\\\\n\\\\nS a M\\\\n\\\\nS a P\\\\nWhat is today called Aristotelian logic with its types of syllogism (methods of logical argument),[32] Aristotle himself would have labelled \\\\\\"analytics\\\\\\". The term \\\\\\"logic\\\\\\" he reserved to mean dialectics.\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":29,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"d1966c66-9f90-5d28-81c2-80e662e3b977\\",\\"score\\":0.49248007029532903,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"terms \\\\\\"lower\\\\\\" and \\\\\\"upper\\\\\\" to designate taxa such as groups of plants.[199] The evolutionary biologist Armand Marie Leroi has reconstructed Aristotle\'s biology,[200] while Niko Tinbergen\'s four questions, based on Aristotle\'s four causes, are used to analyse animal behaviour; they examine function, phylogeny, mechanism, and ontogeny.[201][202] The concept of homology began with Aristotle;[203] the evolutionary developmental biologist Lewis I. Held commented that he would be interested in the concept of deep\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":215,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"2eeb68da-6525-56d6-be4d-d42ab93c4172\\",\\"score\\":0.49181364403489203,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle taught that to achieve a virtuous and potentially happy character requires a first stage of having the fortune to be habituated not deliberately, but by teachers, and experience, leading to a later stage in which one consciously chooses to do the best things. When the best people come to live life this way their practical wisdom (phronesis) and their intellect (nous) can develop with each other towards the highest possible human virtue, the wisdom of an accomplished theoretical or speculative\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":139,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"93bcfe9d-e093-5543-b47b-3e0b9b075801\\",\\"score\\":0.491194203233546,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was one of the first people to record any geological observations. He stated that geological change was too slow to be observed in one person\'s lifetime.[56][57] The geologist Charles Lyell noted that Aristotle described such change, including \\\\\\"lakes that had dried up\\\\\\" and \\\\\\"deserts that had become watered by rivers\\\\\\", giving as examples the growth of the Nile delta since the time of Homer, and \\\\\\"the upheaving of one of the Aeolian islands, previous to a volcanic eruption.\\\\\\"\'[58]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":81,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"399db731-efe2-5198-84b7-5b9cdf6d3a08\\",\\"score\\":0.48828518320829895,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Poetics\\\\nMain article: Poetics (Aristotle)\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":166,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"8f369acc-7504-5cec-ad88-89cb1d3889c0\\",\\"score\\":0.487353653469465,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Epistemology\\\\nAristotle\'s immanent realism means his epistemology is based on the study of things that exist or happen in the world, and rises to knowledge of the universal, whereas for Plato epistemology begins with knowledge of universal Forms (or ideas) and descends to knowledge of particular imitations of these.[31] Aristotle uses induction from examples alongside deduction, whereas Plato relies on deduction from a priori principles.[31]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":49,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"084c501e-c5e7-53c8-9316-4734ba5f5045\\",\\"score\\":0.48603272438049305,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Through meticulous commentaries and critical engagements, figures like Al-Farabi and Ibn Sina (Avicenna) breathed new life into Aristotle\'s ideas. They harmonized his logic with Islamic theology, employed his scientific methodologies to explore the natural world, and even reinterpreted his ethics within the framework of Islamic morality. This revival was not mere imitation. Islamic thinkers embraced Aristotle\'s rigorous methods while simultaneously challenging his conclusions where they diverged from their\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":187,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"a4c8191b-7a5c-576b-883d-4ffdc9840553\\",\\"score\\":0.484963147936056,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Greek Christian scribes played a crucial role in the preservation of Aristotle by copying all the extant Greek language manuscripts of the corpus. The first Greek Christians to comment extensively on Aristotle were Philoponus, Elias, and David in the sixth century, and Stephen of Alexandria in the early seventh century.[162] John Philoponus stands out for having attempted a fundamental critique of Aristotle\'s views on the eternity of the world, movement, and other elements of Aristotelian thought.[163]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":190,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"65c94370-53be-543f-bf07-c9c8ac8a5b3c\\",\\"score\\":0.48229515552520796,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"is Aristotle\'s division of sensation and thought, which generally differed from the concepts of previous philosophers, with the exception of Alcmaeon.[95]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":111,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"b95901dc-798d-5206-994d-9948ebf10aba\\",\\"score\\":0.48190322518348705,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"coextensive with reasoning, which he also would describe as \\\\\\"science\\\\\\". However, his use of the term science carries a different meaning than that covered by the term \\\\\\"scientific method\\\\\\". For Aristotle, \\\\\\"all science (dianoia) is either practical, poetical or theoretical\\\\\\" (Metaphysics 1025b25). His practical science includes ethics and politics; his poetical science means the study of fine arts including poetry; his theoretical science covers physics, mathematics and metaphysics.[40]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":52,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"7d161587-aad7-5a0a-9e16-01b8542cb93c\\",\\"score\\":0.47876675237120203,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"\\\\\\"Aristotle tutoring Alexander\\\\\\" by Jean Leon Gerome Ferris.\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":14,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"c890996c-f87d-51f2-8d47-316d460893f3\\",\\"score\\":0.477234495630966,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Samuel to study the writings of philosophers who preceded Aristotle because the works of the latter are \\\\\\"sufficient by themselves and [superior] to all that were written before them. His intellect, Aristotle\'s is the extreme limit of human intellect, apart from him upon whom the divine emanation has flowed forth to such an extent that they reach the level of prophecy, there being no level higher\\\\\\".[183]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":204,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"c2892882-5619-5283-a785-c1701168b0c9\\",\\"score\\":0.476796509218425,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"As Plato\'s disciple Aristotle was rather critical concerning democracy and, following the outline of certain ideas from Plato\'s Statesman, he developed a coherent theory of integrating various forms of power into a so-called mixed state:\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":150,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"91f7b4b9-700c-581c-bac0-028515f34bae\\",\\"score\\":0.47289261221885703,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle suggested that the reason for anything coming about can be attributed to four different types of simultaneously active factors. His term aitia is traditionally translated as \\\\\\"cause\\\\\\", but it does not always refer to temporal sequence; it might be better translated as \\\\\\"explanation\\\\\\", but the traditional rendering will be employed here.[48][49]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":68,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"195a8d75-0627-5531-bef5-5354cbfd8bdf\\",\\"score\\":0.472823365712862,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Byzantine scholars\\\\nSee also: Commentaries on Aristotle and Byzantine Aristotelianism\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":189,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"e639d635-0587-59dc-b038-21633a6e025d\\",\\"score\\":0.47108021378517195,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"The order of the books (or the teachings from which they are composed) is not certain, but this list was derived from analysis of Aristotle\'s writings. It goes from the basics, the analysis of simple terms in the Categories, the analysis of propositions and their elementary relations in On Interpretation, to the study of more complex forms, namely, syllogisms (in the Analytics)[29][30] and dialectics (in the Topics and Sophistical Refutations). The first three treatises form the core of the logical theory\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":27,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"7f0b2712-d35d-5ceb-bacb-04b3916a9cc2\\",\\"score\\":0.46897770371966696,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle believed the chain of thought, which ends in recollection of certain impressions, was connected systematically in relationships such as similarity, contrast, and contiguity, described in his laws of association. Aristotle believed that past experiences are hidden within the mind. A force operates to awaken the hidden material to bring up the actual experience. According to Aristotle, association is the power innate in a mental state, which operates upon the unexpressed remains of former\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":123,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"ed4d0d2c-73dc-5baa-8351-065482dbdf9b\\",\\"score\\":0.46736327008227996,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"According to scholar Roger Theodore Lafferty, Dante built up the philosophy of the Comedy with the works of Aristotle as a foundation, just as the scholastics used Aristotle as the basis for their thinking. Dante knew Aristotle directly from Latin translations of his works and indirectly through quotations in the works of Albert Magnus.[175] Dante even acknowledges Aristotle\'s influence explicitly in the poem, specifically when Virgil justifies the Inferno\'s structure by citing the Nicomachean Ethics.[176]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":200,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"e7513658-792c-5fb4-9458-162178a5b72b\\",\\"score\\":0.465195149183273,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"but while Aristotle was aware that new mutations or hybridizations could occur, he saw these as rare accidents. For Aristotle, accidents, like heat waves in winter, must be considered distinct from natural causes. He was thus critical of Empedocles\'s materialist theory of a \\\\\\"survival of the fittest\\\\\\" origin of living things and their organs, and ridiculed the idea that accidents could lead to orderly results.[72] To put his views into modern terms, he nowhere says that different species can have a common\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":90,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"f475f7c3-1f6a-5867-8e0c-af0054425446\\",\\"score\\":0.46305066347122203,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"When Sulla seized Athens in 86 BC, he seized the library and transferred it to Rome. There, Andronicus of Rhodes organized the texts into the first complete edition of Aristotle\'s works (and works attributed to him).[217] The Aristotelian texts we have today are based on these.[216]:\\u200a6\\u20138\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":229,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"a586637b-49bb-59c8-b33a-5db313349a89\\",\\"score\\":0.462634655080161,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle distinguished about 500 species of animals,[82][83] arranging these in the History of Animals in a graded scale of perfection, a nonreligious version of the scala naturae, with man at the top. His system had eleven grades of animal, from highest potential to lowest, expressed in their form at birth: the highest gave live birth to hot and wet creatures, the lowest laid cold, dry mineral-like eggs. Animals came above plants, and these in turn were above minerals.[84][85] He grouped what the modern\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":101,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"e3fecc19-7a17-59c2-ba78-f5f2b7c98fb9\\",\\"score\\":0.46187688069435096,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"School of Aristotle in Mieza, Macedonia, Greece.\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":10,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"baddd21e-a650-5789-b8ef-cfe8468da3dc\\",\\"score\\":0.45838105430490195,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Plato\'s forms exist as universals, like the ideal form of an apple. For Aristotle, both matter and form belong to the individual thing (hylomorphism).\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":36,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"e15c86e4-94c7-5b98-aafa-64f117bd3e75\\",\\"score\\":0.45783278597398,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"about it.[98] Aristotle\'s other criticism is that Plato\'s view of reincarnation entails that it is possible for a soul and its body to be mis-matched; in principle, Aristotle alleges, any soul can go with any body, according to Plato\'s theory.[99] Aristotle\'s claim that the soul is the form of a living being eliminates that possibility and thus rules out reincarnation.[100]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":113,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"feb50519-0826-5af7-9ef2-13f642f968ca\\",\\"score\\":0.45751739054711305,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"In On the Soul, Aristotle famously criticizes Plato\'s theory of the soul and develops his own in response. The first criticism is against Plato\'s view of the soul in the Timaeus that the soul takes up space and is able to come into physical contact with bodies.[96] 20th-century scholarship overwhelmingly opposed Aristotle\'s interpretation of Plato and maintained that he had misunderstood him.[97] Today\'s scholars have tended to re-assess Aristotle\'s interpretation and been more positive about it.[98]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":112,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"fa12e1f8-09bb-5b05-8606-f2c141b484be\\",\\"score\\":0.45727583765983604,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"kingdom is its rationality.[121] Aristotle conceived of politics as being like an organism rather than like a machine, and as a collection of parts none of which can exist without the others. Aristotle\'s conception of the city is organic, and he is considered one of the first to conceive of the city in this manner.[122]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":143,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"70eb9c23-af31-5dda-a721-5b6c8577d64e\\",\\"score\\":0.45682342221806704,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Abelard, and John Buridan worked on Aristotelian logic.[174]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":199,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"bf6b1961-f96b-50c5-b8a9-c60a7b80bc0b\\",\\"score\\":0.452890230801411,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"studied and made significant contributions to \\\\\\"logic, metaphysics, mathematics, physics, biology, botany, ethics, politics, agriculture, medicine, dance, and theatre.\\\\\\"[15]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":20,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"694a4266-0e4c-5691-948e-05dacf99a30a\\",\\"score\\":0.45269417762756303,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Revival\\\\nIn the slumbering centuries following the decline of the Roman Empire, Aristotle\'s vast philosophical and scientific corpus lay largely dormant in the West. But in the burgeoning intellectual heartland of the Abbasid Caliphate, his works underwent a remarkable revival.[159] Translated into Arabic alongside other Greek classics, Aristotle\'s logic, ethics, and natural philosophy ignited the minds of early Islamic scholars.[160]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":186,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"a614876f-67b2-58e7-aaf1-12917410baff\\",\\"score\\":0.44979420603548304,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Pythias, either Hermias\'s adoptive daughter or niece. They had a daughter, whom they also named Pythias. In 343 BC, Aristotle was invited by Philip II of Macedon to become the tutor to his son Alexander.[11][12]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":13,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"cd03f71f-20c8-501b-9468-cfce807ab7a7\\",\\"score\\":0.44468317095242205,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Economics\\\\nMain article: Politics (Aristotle)\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":155,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"8897fd3b-6eae-576b-9322-6dc057fbeb69\\",\\"score\\":0.444220006465912,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"not intended for publication.[210][208] Cicero\'s description of Aristotle\'s literary style as \\\\\\"a river of gold\\\\\\" must have applied to the published works, not the surviving notes.[Q] A major question in the history of Aristotle\'s works is how the exoteric writings were all lost, and how the ones now possessed came to be found.[212] The consensus is that Andronicus of Rhodes collected the esoteric works of Aristotle\'s school which existed in the form of smaller, separate works, distinguished them from those\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":223,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"f8e157ac-289f-57f7-9912-678686e2e358\\",\\"score\\":0.44353434443473805,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"In his On Generation and Corruption, Aristotle related each of the four elements proposed earlier by Empedocles, earth, water, air, and fire, to two of the four sensible qualities, hot, cold, wet, and dry. In the Empedoclean scheme, all matter was made of the four elements, in differing proportions. Aristotle\'s scheme added the heavenly aether, the divine substance of the heavenly spheres, stars and planets.[41]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":55,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"3728064f-4f14-5a96-a9ac-318385e7a9c2\\",\\"score\\":0.441104352474213,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"One component of Aristotle\'s theory of dreams disagrees with previously held beliefs. He claimed that dreams are not foretelling and not sent by a divine being. Aristotle reasoned naturalistically that instances in which dreams do resemble future events are simply coincidences.[116] Aristotle claimed that a dream is first established by the fact that the person is asleep when they experience it. If a person had an image appear for a moment after waking up or if they see something in the dark it is not\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":132,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"be401ab8-f58a-59da-a40a-deceae5b2fc2\\",\\"score\\":0.43738391622209105,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle\'s Rhetoric proposes that a speaker can use three basic kinds of appeals to persuade his audience: ethos (an appeal to the speaker\'s character), pathos (an appeal to the audience\'s emotion), and logos (an appeal to logical reasoning).[130] He also categorizes rhetoric into three genres: epideictic (ceremonial speeches dealing with praise or blame), forensic (judicial speeches over guilt or innocence), and deliberative (speeches calling on an audience to make a decision on an issue).[131] Aristotle\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":164,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"e663ee7c-62bc-52cf-b4a1-197ae5e91d4b\\",\\"score\\":0.43465039134025596,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Instead, he practiced a different style of science: systematically gathering data, discovering patterns common to whole groups of animals, and inferring possible causal explanations from these.[78][79] This style is common in modern biology when large amounts of data become available in a new field, such as genomics. It does not result in the same certainty as experimental science, but it sets out testable hypotheses and constructs a narrative explanation of what is observed. In this sense, Aristotle\'s\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":95,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"dd14665e-c7e3-56af-9d31-dac1e78b5b9f\\",\\"score\\":0.43291583257412003,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle examines the concepts of substance (ousia) and essence (to ti \\u00ean einai, \\\\\\"the what it was to be\\\\\\") in his Metaphysics (Book VII), and he concludes that a particular substance is a combination of both matter and form, a philosophical theory called hylomorphism. In Book VIII, he distinguishes the matter of the substance as the substratum, or the stuff of which it is composed. For example, the matter of a house is the bricks, stones, timbers, etc., or whatever constitutes the potential house, while\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":33,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"58ba0cc5-4324-5dd5-a4d4-5338cdf69b0e\\",\\"score\\":0.432026573177988,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Hellenistic science\\\\nFurther information: Ancient Greek medicine\\\\nAfter Theophrastus, the Lyceum failed to produce any original work. Though interest in Aristotle\'s ideas survived, they were generally taken unquestioningly.[156] It is not until the age of Alexandria under the Ptolemies that advances in biology can be again found.\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":183,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"a5ddeb77-7da5-561f-af07-ce2a71d1a8dd\\",\\"score\\":0.430962983908476,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Medieval Europe\\\\nFurther information: Aristotelianism and Syllogism \\u00a7 Medieval\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":196,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"3932c7f5-e252-5209-a9a3-48c309e2bbf4\\",\\"score\\":0.43086590950882,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"\\ud835\\udc63\\\\n=\\\\n\\ud835\\udc50\\\\n\\ud835\\udc4a\\\\n\\ud835\\udf0c{\\\\\\\\displaystyle v=c{\\\\\\\\frac {W}{\\\\\\\\rho }}}\\\\nAristotle implies that in a vacuum the speed of fall would become infinite, and concludes from this apparent absurdity that a vacuum is not possible.[45][43] Opinions have varied on whether Aristotle intended to state quantitative laws. Henri Carteron held the \\\\\\"extreme view\\\\\\"[43] that Aristotle\'s concept of force was basically qualitative,[46] but other authors reject this.[43]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":62,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"b4134b8e-7569-5df5-93f3-9803da687c7a\\",\\"score\\":0.427144382766225,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"thought.[163] Philoponus questioned Aristotle\'s teaching of physics, noting its flaws and introducing the theory of impetus to explain his observations.[164]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":191,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"ef9af951-f06e-5c1a-8c57-8964ee147dfa\\",\\"score\\":0.426049922344094,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"For Aristotle, the soul is the form of a living being. Because all beings are composites of form and matter, the form of living beings is that which endows them with what is specific to living beings, e.g. the ability to initiate movement (or in the case of plants, growth and transformations, which Aristotle considers types of movement).[11] In contrast to earlier philosophers, but in accordance with the Egyptians, he placed the rational soul in the heart, rather than the brain.[94] Notable is Aristotle\'s\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":110,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"71044b07-177e-5e0a-8267-941c535226f0\\",\\"score\\":0.423012614250183,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"exceptions, such as that sharks had a placenta like the tetrapods. To a modern biologist, the explanation, not available to Aristotle, is convergent evolution.[86] Philosophers of science have generally concluded that Aristotle was not interested in taxonomy,[87][88] but zoologists who studied this question in the early 21st century think otherwise.[89][90][91] He believed that purposive final causes guided all natural processes; this teleological view justified his observed data as an expression of formal\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":103,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}"]'}]},
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"value": '["{\\"id\\":\\"c818bc72-2ac8-581b-b51a-0ca826f5f2b8\\",\\"score\\":1.0,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was born in 384 BC[C] in Stagira, Chalcidice,[2] about 55 km (34 miles) east of modern-day Thessaloniki.[3][4] His father, Nicomachus, was the personal physician to King Amyntas of Macedon. While he was young, Aristotle learned about biology and medical information, which was taught by his father.[5] Both of Aristotle\'s parents died when he was about thirteen, and Proxenus of Atarneus became his guardian.[6] Although little information about Aristotle\'s childhood has survived, he probably spent\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":8,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"5f6213d1-a46b-5ed4-a15c-e95bab271621\\",\\"score\\":1.0,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was one of the most revered Western thinkers in early Islamic theology. Most of the still extant works of Aristotle,[167] as well as a number of the original Greek commentaries, were translated into Arabic and studied by Muslim philosophers, scientists and scholars. Averroes, Avicenna and Alpharabius, who wrote on Aristotle in great depth, also influenced Thomas Aquinas and other Western Christian scholastic philosophers. Alkindus greatly admired Aristotle\'s philosophy,[168] and Averroes spoke of\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":194,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"e6c5d5f6-7fc4-5bb8-847d-44cfa16f5178\\",\\"score\\":1.0,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Little is known about Aristotle\'s life. He was born in the city of Stagira in northern Greece during the Classical period. His father, Nicomachus, died when Aristotle was a child, and he was brought up by a guardian. At 17 or 18, he joined Plato\'s Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of 37 (c.\\u2009347 BC). Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request of Philip II of Macedon, tutored his son Alexander the Great beginning in 343 BC. He established a library in the Lyceum,\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":1,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"1175585b-fc58-5e44-bfcb-cb1996289936\\",\\"score\\":1.0,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"after friends and relatives, and to deal with the latter as with beasts or plants\\\\\\".[13] By 335 BC, Aristotle had returned to Athens, establishing his own school there known as the Lyceum. Aristotle conducted courses at the school for the next twelve years. While in Athens, his wife Pythias died and Aristotle became involved with Herpyllis of Stagira. They had a son whom Aristotle named after his father, Nicomachus. If the Suda \\u2013 an uncritical compilation from the Middle Ages \\u2013 is accurate, he may also have\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":16,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"5fb90839-d04c-50b0-8f7f-ffc1a938c019\\",\\"score\\":1.0,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was appointed as the head of the royal Academy of Macedon. During Aristotle\'s time in the Macedonian court, he gave lessons not only to Alexander but also to two other future kings: Ptolemy and Cassander.[13] Aristotle encouraged Alexander toward eastern conquest, and Aristotle\'s own attitude towards Persia was unabashedly ethnocentric. In one famous example, he counsels Alexander to be \\\\\\"a leader to the Greeks and a despot to the barbarians, to look after the former as after friends and\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":15,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"8550e2b7-43f8-5a59-9c13-c9678670a2da\\",\\"score\\":1.0,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"The immediate influence of Aristotle\'s work was felt as the Lyceum grew into the Peripatetic school. Aristotle\'s students included Aristoxenus, Dicaearchus, Demetrius of Phalerum, Eudemos of Rhodes, Harpalus, Hephaestion, Mnason of Phocis, Nicomachus, and Theophrastus. Aristotle\'s influence over Alexander the Great is seen in the latter\'s bringing with him on his expedition a host of zoologists, botanists, and researchers. He had also learned a great deal about Persian customs and traditions from his\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":181,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"7ed3a01c-88dc-5a58-a68b-6e5d9f292df2\\",\\"score\\":1.0,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle[A] (Greek: \\u1f08\\u03c1\\u03b9\\u03c3\\u03c4\\u03bf\\u03c4\\u03ad\\u03bb\\u03b7\\u03c2 Aristot\\u00e9l\\u0113s, pronounced [aristot\\u00e9l\\u025b\\u02d0s]; 384\\u2013322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts. As the founder of the Peripatetic school of philosophy in the Lyceum in Athens, he began the wider Aristotelian tradition that followed, which set the groundwork for the development of modern science.\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":0,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"ed4d0d2c-73dc-5baa-8351-065482dbdf9b\\",\\"score\\":1.0,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"According to scholar Roger Theodore Lafferty, Dante built up the philosophy of the Comedy with the works of Aristotle as a foundation, just as the scholastics used Aristotle as the basis for their thinking. Dante knew Aristotle directly from Latin translations of his works and indirectly through quotations in the works of Albert Magnus.[175] Dante even acknowledges Aristotle\'s influence explicitly in the poem, specifically when Virgil justifies the Inferno\'s structure by citing the Nicomachean Ethics.[176]\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":200,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"e6f58828-2e6d-5eb1-94f3-efbc0b7c1699\\",\\"score\\":1.0,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle was revered among medieval Muslim scholars as \\\\\\"The First Teacher\\\\\\", and among medieval Christians like Thomas Aquinas as simply \\\\\\"The Philosopher\\\\\\", while the poet Dante called him \\\\\\"the master of those who know\\\\\\". His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, and were studied by medieval scholars such as Peter Abelard and Jean Buridan. Aristotle\'s influence on logic continued well into the 19th century. In addition, his ethics, although always influential, gained renewed interest with\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":5,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}", "{\\"id\\":\\"5c80f870-f275-5109-a752-5f9e0caf859c\\",\\"score\\":1.0,\\"metadata\\":{\\"text\\":\\"Aristotle\'s \\\\\\"natural philosophy\\\\\\" spans a wide range of natural phenomena including those now covered by physics, biology and other natural sciences.[40] In Aristotle\'s terminology, \\\\\\"natural philosophy\\\\\\" is a branch of philosophy examining the phenomena of the natural world, and includes fields that would be regarded today as physics, biology and other natural sciences. Aristotle\'s work encompassed virtually all facets of intellectual inquiry. Aristotle makes philosophy in the broad sense coextensive with\\",\\"title\\":\\"aristotle.txt\\",\\"user_id\\":\\"063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3\\",\\"version\\":\\"v0\\",\\"chunk_order\\":51,\\"document_id\\":\\"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b\\",\\"extraction_id\\":\\"472d6921-b4cd-5514-bf62-90b05c9102cb\\",\\"associatedQuery\\":\\"who is aristotle?\\"}}"]',
},
{"key": "search_query", "value": "who is aristotle?"},
],
},
]
def approx_equal(a, b, tolerance=1e-3):
"""Compare two float values for approximate equality."""
return math.isclose(a, b, rel_tol=tolerance)
def compare_search_results(actual, expected):
"""Compare search results while allowing for slight differences in scores."""
actual_results = json.loads(actual)
expected_results = json.loads(expected)
if len(actual_results) != len(expected_results):
return False
for actual_item, expected_item in zip(actual_results, expected_results):
actual_dict = json.loads(actual_item)
expected_dict = json.loads(expected_item)
if actual_dict["id"] != expected_dict["id"]:
raise AssertionError(
f"IDs do not match: {actual_dict['id']} != {expected_dict['id']}"
)
if not approx_equal(
actual_dict["score"], expected_dict["score"], tolerance=1e-2
):
raise AssertionError(
f"Scores do not match: {actual_dict['score']} != {expected_dict['score']}"
)
if actual_dict["metadata"] != expected_dict["metadata"]:
raise AssertionError(
f"Metadata does not match: {actual_dict['metadata']} != {expected_dict['metadata']}"
)
return True
def test_ingestion_success(wrapper):
"""Test the initial successful ingestion process."""
result = wrapper.ingest_sample_file()
expected_payload = {
"processed_documents": [
"Document 'aristotle.txt' processed successfully."
],
"failed_documents": [],
"skipped_documents": [],
}
for key in expected_payload:
assert key in result
assert len(result[key]) == len(expected_payload[key])
for i, value in enumerate(result[key]):
assert value == expected_payload[key][i]
print("Initial ingestion test passed successfully.")
def test_full_ingestion_success(wrapper):
"""Test the initial successful ingestion process."""
result = wrapper.ingest_sample_files()
expected_processed = {
"Document 'lyft_2021.pdf' processed successfully.",
"Document 'uber_2021.pdf' processed successfully.",
"Document 'pg_essay_3.html' processed successfully.",
"Document 'pg_essay_2.html' processed successfully.",
"Document 'pg_essay_4.html' processed successfully.",
"Document 'got.txt' processed successfully.",
"Document 'pg_essay_5.html' processed successfully.",
"Document 'pg_essay_1.html' processed successfully.",
}
expected_failed = set()
expected_skipped = {
"Document 'aristotle.txt' skipped since it already exists."
}
assert set(result["processed_documents"]) == expected_processed
assert set(result["failed_documents"]) == expected_failed
assert set(result["skipped_documents"]) == expected_skipped
assert len(result["processed_documents"]) == len(expected_processed)
assert len(result["failed_documents"]) == len(expected_failed)
assert len(result["skipped_documents"]) == len(expected_skipped)
print("Initial ingestion test passed successfully.")
def test_ingestion_failure(wrapper):
"""Test the subsequent ingestion process that should fail."""
try:
wrapper.ingest_sample_file()
raise AssertionError("Expected an exception, but none was raised.")
except Exception as e:
assert (
str(e)
== "Document with ID c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b was already successfully processed."
)
print("Subsequent ingestion test passed: Expected error was raised.")
def test_logs(wrapper, expected_length):
"""Test the logging functionality."""
logs = wrapper.logs()
assert len(logs) == expected_length
log = logs[0]
expected_log = expected_logs[expected_length - 1]
assert log["run_id"] is not None
assert log["run_type"] == expected_log["run_type"]
assert len(log["entries"]) == len(expected_log["entries"])
for i in range(len(log["entries"])):
entry = log["entries"][i]
print("entry: ", entry)
expected_entry = None
for expected_entry in expected_log["entries"]:
if expected_entry["key"] == entry["key"]:
break
if expected_entry is None:
raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected entry: {entry}")
print("expected_entry: ", expected_entry)
if "latency" in entry["key"]:
continue
elif "search_results" == entry["key"]:
assert compare_search_results(
entry["value"], expected_entry["value"]
)
else:
assert entry["key"] == entry["key"]
assert entry["value"] == expected_entry["value"]
print("Logs test passed.")
def test_vector_search(
wrapper, query, expected_scores, do_hybrid_search=False, search_limit=10
):
"""Test search functionality with given parameters."""
search_results = wrapper.search(
query, do_hybrid_search=do_hybrid_search, search_limit=search_limit
)
assert "vector_search_results" in search_results
scores = [
result["score"] for result in search_results["vector_search_results"]
]
if expected_scores:
assert len(scores) == len(expected_scores)
assert all(approx_equal(a, b) for a, b in zip(scores, expected_scores))
print(
f"Search test passed for query: '{query}', hybrid: {do_hybrid_search}, limit: {search_limit}"
)
return search_results["vector_search_results"]
def test_documents_overview(wrapper):
"""Test the documents_overview functionality."""
documents_overview = wrapper.documents_overview()
assert len(documents_overview) == 1
doc_info = documents_overview[0]
assert isinstance(doc_info.document_id, UUID)
assert doc_info.document_id == UUID("c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b")
assert doc_info.version == "v0"
assert doc_info.size_in_bytes == 73353
assert doc_info.metadata == {
"title": "aristotle.txt",
"user_id": "063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3",
}
assert doc_info.status.value == "success"
assert doc_info.user_id == UUID("063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3")
assert doc_info.title == "aristotle.txt"
assert isinstance(doc_info.created_at, datetime)
assert isinstance(doc_info.updated_at, datetime)
assert doc_info.created_at.tzinfo == timezone.utc
assert doc_info.updated_at.tzinfo == timezone.utc
def test_users_overview(wrapper):
"""Test the users_overview functionality."""
users_overview = wrapper.users_overview()
assert len(users_overview) == 1
user_stats = users_overview[0]
assert isinstance(user_stats.user_id, UUID)
assert user_stats.user_id == UUID("063edaf8-3e63-4cb9-a4d6-a855f36376c3")
assert user_stats.num_files == 1
assert user_stats.total_size_in_bytes == 73353
assert len(user_stats.document_ids) == 1
assert user_stats.document_ids[0] == UUID(
"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b"
)
print("Users overview test passed successfully.")
def test_document_chunks(wrapper):
"""Test the document_chunks functionality."""
document_chunks = wrapper.document_chunks(
"c9bdbac7-0ea3-5c9e-b590-018bd09b127b"
)
assert len(document_chunks) == 233
first_chunk = document_chunks[0]
assert (
first_chunk["text"]
== "Aristotle[A] (Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs, pronounced [aristotélɛːs]; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts. As the founder of the Peripatetic school of philosophy in the Lyceum in Athens, he began the wider Aristotelian tradition that followed, which set the groundwork for the development of modern science."
)
assert first_chunk["chunk_order"] == 0
print("Document chunks test passed successfully.")
def main():
wrapper = R2RExecutionWrapper(client_mode=False)
# Test ingestion
test_ingestion_success(wrapper)
# Test logs
test_logs(wrapper, expected_length=1)
# Test the document overview table
_ = test_documents_overview(wrapper)
# Test the users overview table
test_users_overview(wrapper)
# Test the document chunks method
test_document_chunks(wrapper)
# Test subsequent ingestion (expecting failure)
test_ingestion_failure(wrapper)
# Test regular search
regular_expected_scores = [
0.7737913131713869,
0.669298529624939,
0.652687707703574,
0.636050164699554,
0.624127291194959,
0.619364976882935,
0.6177915291003779,
0.606354117393494,
0.601802307421038,
0.595915484915322,
]
_ = test_vector_search(
wrapper, "who is aristotle?", regular_expected_scores
)
test_logs(wrapper, expected_length=2)
# Test search with larger limit
large_filter_results = test_vector_search(
wrapper, "who is aristotle?", None, search_limit=100
)
assert len(large_filter_results) == 100
assert approx_equal(
large_filter_results[0]["score"], regular_expected_scores[0]
)
# test_logs(wrapper, expected_length=3)
# Test hybrid search
hybrid_expected_zero_result = "Aristotle was born in 384 BC[C] in Stagira, Chalcidice,[2] about 55 km (34 miles) east of modern-day Thessaloniki.[3][4] His father, Nicomachus, was the personal physician to King Amyntas of Macedon. While he was young, Aristotle learned about biology and medical information, which was taught by his father.[5] Both of Aristotle's parents died when he was about thirteen, and Proxenus of Atarneus became his guardian.[6] Although little information about Aristotle's childhood has survived, he probably spent"
hybrid_expected_scores = [1] * 10
hybrid_results = test_vector_search(
wrapper,
"who is aristotle?",
hybrid_expected_scores,
do_hybrid_search=True,
)
assert hybrid_results[0]["metadata"]["text"] == hybrid_expected_zero_result
# test_logs(wrapper, expected_length=4)
test_full_ingestion_success(wrapper)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
|
