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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# screen grabber
#
# History:
# 2001-04-26 fl created
# 2001-09-17 fl use builtin driver, if present
# 2002-11-19 fl added grabclipboard support
#
# Copyright (c) 2001-2002 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2001-2002 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import annotations
import io
import os
import shutil
import subprocess
import sys
import tempfile
from . import Image
def grab(
bbox: tuple[int, int, int, int] | None = None,
include_layered_windows: bool = False,
all_screens: bool = False,
xdisplay: str | None = None,
) -> Image.Image:
im: Image.Image
if xdisplay is None:
if sys.platform == "darwin":
fh, filepath = tempfile.mkstemp(".png")
os.close(fh)
args = ["screencapture"]
if bbox:
left, top, right, bottom = bbox
args += ["-R", f"{left},{top},{right-left},{bottom-top}"]
subprocess.call(args + ["-x", filepath])
im = Image.open(filepath)
im.load()
os.unlink(filepath)
if bbox:
im_resized = im.resize((right - left, bottom - top))
im.close()
return im_resized
return im
elif sys.platform == "win32":
offset, size, data = Image.core.grabscreen_win32(
include_layered_windows, all_screens
)
im = Image.frombytes(
"RGB",
size,
data,
# RGB, 32-bit line padding, origin lower left corner
"raw",
"BGR",
(size[0] * 3 + 3) & -4,
-1,
)
if bbox:
x0, y0 = offset
left, top, right, bottom = bbox
im = im.crop((left - x0, top - y0, right - x0, bottom - y0))
return im
# Cast to Optional[str] needed for Windows and macOS.
display_name: str | None = xdisplay
try:
if not Image.core.HAVE_XCB:
msg = "Pillow was built without XCB support"
raise OSError(msg)
size, data = Image.core.grabscreen_x11(display_name)
except OSError:
if (
display_name is None
and sys.platform not in ("darwin", "win32")
and shutil.which("gnome-screenshot")
):
fh, filepath = tempfile.mkstemp(".png")
os.close(fh)
subprocess.call(["gnome-screenshot", "-f", filepath])
im = Image.open(filepath)
im.load()
os.unlink(filepath)
if bbox:
im_cropped = im.crop(bbox)
im.close()
return im_cropped
return im
else:
raise
else:
im = Image.frombytes("RGB", size, data, "raw", "BGRX", size[0] * 4, 1)
if bbox:
im = im.crop(bbox)
return im
def grabclipboard() -> Image.Image | list[str] | None:
if sys.platform == "darwin":
p = subprocess.run(
["osascript", "-e", "get the clipboard as «class PNGf»"],
capture_output=True,
)
if p.returncode != 0:
return None
import binascii
data = io.BytesIO(binascii.unhexlify(p.stdout[11:-3]))
return Image.open(data)
elif sys.platform == "win32":
fmt, data = Image.core.grabclipboard_win32()
if fmt == "file": # CF_HDROP
import struct
o = struct.unpack_from("I", data)[0]
if data[16] != 0:
files = data[o:].decode("utf-16le").split("\0")
else:
files = data[o:].decode("mbcs").split("\0")
return files[: files.index("")]
if isinstance(data, bytes):
data = io.BytesIO(data)
if fmt == "png":
from . import PngImagePlugin
return PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile(data)
elif fmt == "DIB":
from . import BmpImagePlugin
return BmpImagePlugin.DibImageFile(data)
return None
else:
if os.getenv("WAYLAND_DISPLAY"):
session_type = "wayland"
elif os.getenv("DISPLAY"):
session_type = "x11"
else: # Session type check failed
session_type = None
if shutil.which("wl-paste") and session_type in ("wayland", None):
args = ["wl-paste", "-t", "image"]
elif shutil.which("xclip") and session_type in ("x11", None):
args = ["xclip", "-selection", "clipboard", "-t", "image/png", "-o"]
else:
msg = "wl-paste or xclip is required for ImageGrab.grabclipboard() on Linux"
raise NotImplementedError(msg)
p = subprocess.run(args, capture_output=True)
if p.returncode != 0:
err = p.stderr
for silent_error in [
# wl-paste, when the clipboard is empty
b"Nothing is copied",
# Ubuntu/Debian wl-paste, when the clipboard is empty
b"No selection",
# Ubuntu/Debian wl-paste, when an image isn't available
b"No suitable type of content copied",
# wl-paste or Ubuntu/Debian xclip, when an image isn't available
b" not available",
# xclip, when an image isn't available
b"cannot convert ",
# xclip, when the clipboard isn't initialized
b"xclip: Error: There is no owner for the ",
]:
if silent_error in err:
return None
msg = f"{args[0]} error"
if err:
msg += f": {err.strip().decode()}"
raise ChildProcessError(msg)
data = io.BytesIO(p.stdout)
im = Image.open(data)
im.load()
return im
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