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+"""Implementation of the Range type and adaptation
+
+"""
+
+# psycopg/_range.py - Implementation of the Range type and adaptation
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012-2019 Daniele Varrazzo <daniele.varrazzo@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (C) 2020-2021 The Psycopg Team
+#
+# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
+# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# In addition, as a special exception, the copyright holders give
+# permission to link this program with the OpenSSL library (or with
+# modified versions of OpenSSL that use the same license as OpenSSL),
+# and distribute linked combinations including the two.
+#
+# You must obey the GNU Lesser General Public License in all respects for
+# all of the code used other than OpenSSL.
+#
+# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License for more details.
+
+import re
+
+from psycopg2._psycopg import ProgrammingError, InterfaceError
+from psycopg2.extensions import ISQLQuote, adapt, register_adapter
+from psycopg2.extensions import new_type, new_array_type, register_type
+
+
+class Range:
+ """Python representation for a PostgreSQL |range|_ type.
+
+ :param lower: lower bound for the range. `!None` means unbound
+ :param upper: upper bound for the range. `!None` means unbound
+ :param bounds: one of the literal strings ``()``, ``[)``, ``(]``, ``[]``,
+ representing whether the lower or upper bounds are included
+ :param empty: if `!True`, the range is empty
+
+ """
+ __slots__ = ('_lower', '_upper', '_bounds')
+
+ def __init__(self, lower=None, upper=None, bounds='[)', empty=False):
+ if not empty:
+ if bounds not in ('[)', '(]', '()', '[]'):
+ raise ValueError(f"bound flags not valid: {bounds!r}")
+
+ self._lower = lower
+ self._upper = upper
+ self._bounds = bounds
+ else:
+ self._lower = self._upper = self._bounds = None
+
+ def __repr__(self):
+ if self._bounds is None:
+ return f"{self.__class__.__name__}(empty=True)"
+ else:
+ return "{}({!r}, {!r}, {!r})".format(self.__class__.__name__,
+ self._lower, self._upper, self._bounds)
+
+ def __str__(self):
+ if self._bounds is None:
+ return 'empty'
+
+ items = [
+ self._bounds[0],
+ str(self._lower),
+ ', ',
+ str(self._upper),
+ self._bounds[1]
+ ]
+ return ''.join(items)
+
+ @property
+ def lower(self):
+ """The lower bound of the range. `!None` if empty or unbound."""
+ return self._lower
+
+ @property
+ def upper(self):
+ """The upper bound of the range. `!None` if empty or unbound."""
+ return self._upper
+
+ @property
+ def isempty(self):
+ """`!True` if the range is empty."""
+ return self._bounds is None
+
+ @property
+ def lower_inf(self):
+ """`!True` if the range doesn't have a lower bound."""
+ if self._bounds is None:
+ return False
+ return self._lower is None
+
+ @property
+ def upper_inf(self):
+ """`!True` if the range doesn't have an upper bound."""
+ if self._bounds is None:
+ return False
+ return self._upper is None
+
+ @property
+ def lower_inc(self):
+ """`!True` if the lower bound is included in the range."""
+ if self._bounds is None or self._lower is None:
+ return False
+ return self._bounds[0] == '['
+
+ @property
+ def upper_inc(self):
+ """`!True` if the upper bound is included in the range."""
+ if self._bounds is None or self._upper is None:
+ return False
+ return self._bounds[1] == ']'
+
+ def __contains__(self, x):
+ if self._bounds is None:
+ return False
+
+ if self._lower is not None:
+ if self._bounds[0] == '[':
+ if x < self._lower:
+ return False
+ else:
+ if x <= self._lower:
+ return False
+
+ if self._upper is not None:
+ if self._bounds[1] == ']':
+ if x > self._upper:
+ return False
+ else:
+ if x >= self._upper:
+ return False
+
+ return True
+
+ def __bool__(self):
+ return self._bounds is not None
+
+ def __eq__(self, other):
+ if not isinstance(other, Range):
+ return False
+ return (self._lower == other._lower
+ and self._upper == other._upper
+ and self._bounds == other._bounds)
+
+ def __ne__(self, other):
+ return not self.__eq__(other)
+
+ def __hash__(self):
+ return hash((self._lower, self._upper, self._bounds))
+
+ # as the postgres docs describe for the server-side stuff,
+ # ordering is rather arbitrary, but will remain stable
+ # and consistent.
+
+ def __lt__(self, other):
+ if not isinstance(other, Range):
+ return NotImplemented
+ for attr in ('_lower', '_upper', '_bounds'):
+ self_value = getattr(self, attr)
+ other_value = getattr(other, attr)
+ if self_value == other_value:
+ pass
+ elif self_value is None:
+ return True
+ elif other_value is None:
+ return False
+ else:
+ return self_value < other_value
+ return False
+
+ def __le__(self, other):
+ if self == other:
+ return True
+ else:
+ return self.__lt__(other)
+
+ def __gt__(self, other):
+ if isinstance(other, Range):
+ return other.__lt__(self)
+ else:
+ return NotImplemented
+
+ def __ge__(self, other):
+ if self == other:
+ return True
+ else:
+ return self.__gt__(other)
+
+ def __getstate__(self):
+ return {slot: getattr(self, slot)
+ for slot in self.__slots__ if hasattr(self, slot)}
+
+ def __setstate__(self, state):
+ for slot, value in state.items():
+ setattr(self, slot, value)
+
+
+def register_range(pgrange, pyrange, conn_or_curs, globally=False):
+ """Create and register an adapter and the typecasters to convert between
+ a PostgreSQL |range|_ type and a PostgreSQL `Range` subclass.
+
+ :param pgrange: the name of the PostgreSQL |range| type. Can be
+ schema-qualified
+ :param pyrange: a `Range` strict subclass, or just a name to give to a new
+ class
+ :param conn_or_curs: a connection or cursor used to find the oid of the
+ range and its subtype; the typecaster is registered in a scope limited
+ to this object, unless *globally* is set to `!True`
+ :param globally: if `!False` (default) register the typecaster only on
+ *conn_or_curs*, otherwise register it globally
+ :return: `RangeCaster` instance responsible for the conversion
+
+ If a string is passed to *pyrange*, a new `Range` subclass is created
+ with such name and will be available as the `~RangeCaster.range` attribute
+ of the returned `RangeCaster` object.
+
+ The function queries the database on *conn_or_curs* to inspect the
+ *pgrange* type and raises `~psycopg2.ProgrammingError` if the type is not
+ found. If querying the database is not advisable, use directly the
+ `RangeCaster` class and register the adapter and typecasters using the
+ provided functions.
+
+ """
+ caster = RangeCaster._from_db(pgrange, pyrange, conn_or_curs)
+ caster._register(not globally and conn_or_curs or None)
+ return caster
+
+
+class RangeAdapter:
+ """`ISQLQuote` adapter for `Range` subclasses.
+
+ This is an abstract class: concrete classes must set a `name` class
+ attribute or override `getquoted()`.
+ """
+ name = None
+
+ def __init__(self, adapted):
+ self.adapted = adapted
+
+ def __conform__(self, proto):
+ if self._proto is ISQLQuote:
+ return self
+
+ def prepare(self, conn):
+ self._conn = conn
+
+ def getquoted(self):
+ if self.name is None:
+ raise NotImplementedError(
+ 'RangeAdapter must be subclassed overriding its name '
+ 'or the getquoted() method')
+
+ r = self.adapted
+ if r.isempty:
+ return b"'empty'::" + self.name.encode('utf8')
+
+ if r.lower is not None:
+ a = adapt(r.lower)
+ if hasattr(a, 'prepare'):
+ a.prepare(self._conn)
+ lower = a.getquoted()
+ else:
+ lower = b'NULL'
+
+ if r.upper is not None:
+ a = adapt(r.upper)
+ if hasattr(a, 'prepare'):
+ a.prepare(self._conn)
+ upper = a.getquoted()
+ else:
+ upper = b'NULL'
+
+ return self.name.encode('utf8') + b'(' + lower + b', ' + upper \
+ + b", '" + r._bounds.encode('utf8') + b"')"
+
+
+class RangeCaster:
+ """Helper class to convert between `Range` and PostgreSQL range types.
+
+ Objects of this class are usually created by `register_range()`. Manual
+ creation could be useful if querying the database is not advisable: in
+ this case the oids must be provided.
+ """
+ def __init__(self, pgrange, pyrange, oid, subtype_oid, array_oid=None):
+ self.subtype_oid = subtype_oid
+ self._create_ranges(pgrange, pyrange)
+
+ name = self.adapter.name or self.adapter.__class__.__name__
+
+ self.typecaster = new_type((oid,), name, self.parse)
+
+ if array_oid is not None:
+ self.array_typecaster = new_array_type(
+ (array_oid,), name + "ARRAY", self.typecaster)
+ else:
+ self.array_typecaster = None
+
+ def _create_ranges(self, pgrange, pyrange):
+ """Create Range and RangeAdapter classes if needed."""
+ # if got a string create a new RangeAdapter concrete type (with a name)
+ # else take it as an adapter. Passing an adapter should be considered
+ # an implementation detail and is not documented. It is currently used
+ # for the numeric ranges.
+ self.adapter = None
+ if isinstance(pgrange, str):
+ self.adapter = type(pgrange, (RangeAdapter,), {})
+ self.adapter.name = pgrange
+ else:
+ try:
+ if issubclass(pgrange, RangeAdapter) \
+ and pgrange is not RangeAdapter:
+ self.adapter = pgrange
+ except TypeError:
+ pass
+
+ if self.adapter is None:
+ raise TypeError(
+ 'pgrange must be a string or a RangeAdapter strict subclass')
+
+ self.range = None
+ try:
+ if isinstance(pyrange, str):
+ self.range = type(pyrange, (Range,), {})
+ if issubclass(pyrange, Range) and pyrange is not Range:
+ self.range = pyrange
+ except TypeError:
+ pass
+
+ if self.range is None:
+ raise TypeError(
+ 'pyrange must be a type or a Range strict subclass')
+
+ @classmethod
+ def _from_db(self, name, pyrange, conn_or_curs):
+ """Return a `RangeCaster` instance for the type *pgrange*.
+
+ Raise `ProgrammingError` if the type is not found.
+ """
+ from psycopg2.extensions import STATUS_IN_TRANSACTION
+ from psycopg2.extras import _solve_conn_curs
+ conn, curs = _solve_conn_curs(conn_or_curs)
+
+ if conn.info.server_version < 90200:
+ raise ProgrammingError("range types not available in version %s"
+ % conn.info.server_version)
+
+ # Store the transaction status of the connection to revert it after use
+ conn_status = conn.status
+
+ # Use the correct schema
+ if '.' in name:
+ schema, tname = name.split('.', 1)
+ else:
+ tname = name
+ schema = 'public'
+
+ # get the type oid and attributes
+ curs.execute("""\
+select rngtypid, rngsubtype, typarray
+from pg_range r
+join pg_type t on t.oid = rngtypid
+join pg_namespace ns on ns.oid = typnamespace
+where typname = %s and ns.nspname = %s;
+""", (tname, schema))
+ rec = curs.fetchone()
+
+ if not rec:
+ # The above algorithm doesn't work for customized seach_path
+ # (#1487) The implementation below works better, but, to guarantee
+ # backwards compatibility, use it only if the original one failed.
+ try:
+ savepoint = False
+ # Because we executed statements earlier, we are either INTRANS
+ # or we are IDLE only if the transaction is autocommit, in
+ # which case we don't need the savepoint anyway.
+ if conn.status == STATUS_IN_TRANSACTION:
+ curs.execute("SAVEPOINT register_type")
+ savepoint = True
+
+ curs.execute("""\
+SELECT rngtypid, rngsubtype, typarray, typname, nspname
+from pg_range r
+join pg_type t on t.oid = rngtypid
+join pg_namespace ns on ns.oid = typnamespace
+WHERE t.oid = %s::regtype
+""", (name, ))
+ except ProgrammingError:
+ pass
+ else:
+ rec = curs.fetchone()
+ if rec:
+ tname, schema = rec[3:]
+ finally:
+ if savepoint:
+ curs.execute("ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT register_type")
+
+ # revert the status of the connection as before the command
+ if conn_status != STATUS_IN_TRANSACTION and not conn.autocommit:
+ conn.rollback()
+
+ if not rec:
+ raise ProgrammingError(
+ f"PostgreSQL range '{name}' not found")
+
+ type, subtype, array = rec[:3]
+
+ return RangeCaster(name, pyrange,
+ oid=type, subtype_oid=subtype, array_oid=array)
+
+ _re_range = re.compile(r"""
+ ( \(|\[ ) # lower bound flag
+ (?: # lower bound:
+ " ( (?: [^"] | "")* ) " # - a quoted string
+ | ( [^",]+ ) # - or an unquoted string
+ )? # - or empty (not catched)
+ ,
+ (?: # upper bound:
+ " ( (?: [^"] | "")* ) " # - a quoted string
+ | ( [^"\)\]]+ ) # - or an unquoted string
+ )? # - or empty (not catched)
+ ( \)|\] ) # upper bound flag
+ """, re.VERBOSE)
+
+ _re_undouble = re.compile(r'(["\\])\1')
+
+ def parse(self, s, cur=None):
+ if s is None:
+ return None
+
+ if s == 'empty':
+ return self.range(empty=True)
+
+ m = self._re_range.match(s)
+ if m is None:
+ raise InterfaceError(f"failed to parse range: '{s}'")
+
+ lower = m.group(3)
+ if lower is None:
+ lower = m.group(2)
+ if lower is not None:
+ lower = self._re_undouble.sub(r"\1", lower)
+
+ upper = m.group(5)
+ if upper is None:
+ upper = m.group(4)
+ if upper is not None:
+ upper = self._re_undouble.sub(r"\1", upper)
+
+ if cur is not None:
+ lower = cur.cast(self.subtype_oid, lower)
+ upper = cur.cast(self.subtype_oid, upper)
+
+ bounds = m.group(1) + m.group(6)
+
+ return self.range(lower, upper, bounds)
+
+ def _register(self, scope=None):
+ register_type(self.typecaster, scope)
+ if self.array_typecaster is not None:
+ register_type(self.array_typecaster, scope)
+
+ register_adapter(self.range, self.adapter)
+
+
+class NumericRange(Range):
+ """A `Range` suitable to pass Python numeric types to a PostgreSQL range.
+
+ PostgreSQL types :sql:`int4range`, :sql:`int8range`, :sql:`numrange` are
+ casted into `!NumericRange` instances.
+ """
+ pass
+
+
+class DateRange(Range):
+ """Represents :sql:`daterange` values."""
+ pass
+
+
+class DateTimeRange(Range):
+ """Represents :sql:`tsrange` values."""
+ pass
+
+
+class DateTimeTZRange(Range):
+ """Represents :sql:`tstzrange` values."""
+ pass
+
+
+# Special adaptation for NumericRange. Allows to pass number range regardless
+# of whether they are ints, floats and what size of ints are, which are
+# pointless in Python world. On the way back, no numeric range is casted to
+# NumericRange, but only to their subclasses
+
+class NumberRangeAdapter(RangeAdapter):
+ """Adapt a range if the subtype doesn't need quotes."""
+ def getquoted(self):
+ r = self.adapted
+ if r.isempty:
+ return b"'empty'"
+
+ if not r.lower_inf:
+ # not exactly: we are relying that none of these object is really
+ # quoted (they are numbers). Also, I'm lazy and not preparing the
+ # adapter because I assume encoding doesn't matter for these
+ # objects.
+ lower = adapt(r.lower).getquoted().decode('ascii')
+ else:
+ lower = ''
+
+ if not r.upper_inf:
+ upper = adapt(r.upper).getquoted().decode('ascii')
+ else:
+ upper = ''
+
+ return (f"'{r._bounds[0]}{lower},{upper}{r._bounds[1]}'").encode('ascii')
+
+
+# TODO: probably won't work with infs, nans and other tricky cases.
+register_adapter(NumericRange, NumberRangeAdapter)
+
+# Register globally typecasters and adapters for builtin range types.
+
+# note: the adapter is registered more than once, but this is harmless.
+int4range_caster = RangeCaster(NumberRangeAdapter, NumericRange,
+ oid=3904, subtype_oid=23, array_oid=3905)
+int4range_caster._register()
+
+int8range_caster = RangeCaster(NumberRangeAdapter, NumericRange,
+ oid=3926, subtype_oid=20, array_oid=3927)
+int8range_caster._register()
+
+numrange_caster = RangeCaster(NumberRangeAdapter, NumericRange,
+ oid=3906, subtype_oid=1700, array_oid=3907)
+numrange_caster._register()
+
+daterange_caster = RangeCaster('daterange', DateRange,
+ oid=3912, subtype_oid=1082, array_oid=3913)
+daterange_caster._register()
+
+tsrange_caster = RangeCaster('tsrange', DateTimeRange,
+ oid=3908, subtype_oid=1114, array_oid=3909)
+tsrange_caster._register()
+
+tstzrange_caster = RangeCaster('tstzrange', DateTimeTZRange,
+ oid=3910, subtype_oid=1184, array_oid=3911)
+tstzrange_caster._register()