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+# Copyright (c) 2010-2024 openpyxl
+
+from copy import copy
+from operator import attrgetter
+
+from openpyxl.descriptors import Strict
+from openpyxl.descriptors import MinMax
+from openpyxl.descriptors.sequence import UniqueSequence
+from openpyxl.descriptors.serialisable import Serialisable
+
+from openpyxl.utils import (
+    range_boundaries,
+    range_to_tuple,
+    get_column_letter,
+    quote_sheetname,
+)
+
+class CellRange(Serialisable):
+    """
+    Represents a range in a sheet: title and coordinates.
+
+    This object is used to perform operations on ranges, like:
+
+    - shift, expand or shrink
+    - union/intersection with another sheet range,
+
+    We can check whether a range is:
+
+    - equal or not equal to another,
+    - disjoint of another,
+    - contained in another.
+
+    We can get:
+
+    - the size of a range.
+    - the range bounds (vertices)
+    - the coordinates,
+    - the string representation,
+
+    """
+
+    min_col = MinMax(min=1, max=18278, expected_type=int)
+    min_row = MinMax(min=1, max=1048576, expected_type=int)
+    max_col = MinMax(min=1, max=18278, expected_type=int)
+    max_row = MinMax(min=1, max=1048576, expected_type=int)
+
+
+    def __init__(self, range_string=None, min_col=None, min_row=None,
+                 max_col=None, max_row=None, title=None):
+        if range_string is not None:
+            if "!" in range_string:
+                title, (min_col, min_row, max_col, max_row) = range_to_tuple(range_string)
+            else:
+                min_col, min_row, max_col, max_row = range_boundaries(range_string)
+
+        self.min_col = min_col
+        self.min_row = min_row
+        self.max_col = max_col
+        self.max_row = max_row
+        self.title = title
+
+        if min_col > max_col:
+            fmt = "{max_col} must be greater than {min_col}"
+            raise ValueError(fmt.format(min_col=min_col, max_col=max_col))
+        if min_row > max_row:
+            fmt = "{max_row} must be greater than {min_row}"
+            raise ValueError(fmt.format(min_row=min_row, max_row=max_row))
+
+
+    @property
+    def bounds(self):
+        """
+        Vertices of the range as a tuple
+        """
+        return self.min_col, self.min_row, self.max_col, self.max_row
+
+
+    @property
+    def coord(self):
+        """
+        Excel-style representation of the range
+        """
+        fmt = "{min_col}{min_row}:{max_col}{max_row}"
+        if (self.min_col == self.max_col
+            and self.min_row == self.max_row):
+            fmt = "{min_col}{min_row}"
+
+        return fmt.format(
+            min_col=get_column_letter(self.min_col),
+            min_row=self.min_row,
+            max_col=get_column_letter(self.max_col),
+            max_row=self.max_row
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def rows(self):
+        """
+        Return cell coordinates as rows
+        """
+        for row in range(self.min_row, self.max_row+1):
+            yield [(row, col) for col in range(self.min_col, self.max_col+1)]
+
+
+    @property
+    def cols(self):
+        """
+        Return cell coordinates as columns
+        """
+        for col in range(self.min_col, self.max_col+1):
+            yield [(row, col) for row in range(self.min_row, self.max_row+1)]
+
+
+    @property
+    def cells(self):
+        from itertools import product
+        return product(range(self.min_row, self.max_row+1), range(self.min_col, self.max_col+1))
+
+
+    def _check_title(self, other):
+        """
+        Check whether comparisons between ranges are possible.
+        Cannot compare ranges from different worksheets
+        Skip if the range passed in has no title.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(other, CellRange):
+            raise TypeError(repr(type(other)))
+
+        if other.title and self.title != other.title:
+            raise ValueError("Cannot work with ranges from different worksheets")
+
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        fmt = u"<{cls} {coord}>"
+        if self.title:
+            fmt = u"<{cls} {title!r}!{coord}>"
+        return fmt.format(cls=self.__class__.__name__, title=self.title, coord=self.coord)
+
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash((self.min_row, self.min_col, self.max_row, self.max_col))
+
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        fmt = "{coord}"
+        title = self.title
+        if title:
+            fmt = u"{title}!{coord}"
+            title = quote_sheetname(title)
+        return fmt.format(title=title, coord=self.coord)
+
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        return self.__class__(min_col=self.min_col, min_row=self.min_row,
+                              max_col=self.max_col, max_row=self.max_row,
+                              title=self.title)
+
+
+    def shift(self, col_shift=0, row_shift=0):
+        """
+        Shift the focus of the range according to the shift values (*col_shift*, *row_shift*).
+
+        :type col_shift: int
+        :param col_shift: number of columns to be moved by, can be negative
+        :type row_shift: int
+        :param row_shift: number of rows to be moved by, can be negative
+        :raise: :class:`ValueError` if any row or column index < 1
+        """
+
+        if (self.min_col + col_shift <= 0
+            or self.min_row + row_shift <= 0):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid shift value: col_shift={0}, row_shift={1}".format(col_shift, row_shift))
+        self.min_col += col_shift
+        self.min_row += row_shift
+        self.max_col += col_shift
+        self.max_row += row_shift
+
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        """
+        Test whether the ranges are not equal.
+
+        :type other: openpyxl.worksheet.cell_range.CellRange
+        :param other: Other sheet range
+        :return: ``True`` if *range* != *other*.
+        """
+        try:
+            self._check_title(other)
+        except ValueError:
+            return True
+
+        return (
+            other.min_row != self.min_row
+            or self.max_row != other.max_row
+            or other.min_col != self.min_col
+            or self.max_col != other.max_col
+        )
+
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        """
+        Test whether the ranges are equal.
+
+        :type other: openpyxl.worksheet.cell_range.CellRange
+        :param other: Other sheet range
+        :return: ``True`` if *range* == *other*.
+        """
+        return not self.__ne__(other)
+
+
+    def issubset(self, other):
+        """
+        Test whether every cell in this range is also in *other*.
+
+        :type other: openpyxl.worksheet.cell_range.CellRange
+        :param other: Other sheet range
+        :return: ``True`` if *range* <= *other*.
+        """
+        self._check_title(other)
+
+        return other.__superset(self)
+
+    __le__ = issubset
+
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        """
+        Test whether *other* contains every cell of this range, and more.
+
+        :type other: openpyxl.worksheet.cell_range.CellRange
+        :param other: Other sheet range
+        :return: ``True`` if *range* < *other*.
+        """
+        return self.__le__(other) and self.__ne__(other)
+
+
+    def __superset(self, other):
+        return (
+            (self.min_row <= other.min_row <= other.max_row <= self.max_row)
+            and
+            (self.min_col <= other.min_col <= other.max_col <= self.max_col)
+        )
+
+
+    def issuperset(self, other):
+        """
+        Test whether every cell in *other* is in this range.
+
+        :type other: openpyxl.worksheet.cell_range.CellRange
+        :param other: Other sheet range
+        :return: ``True`` if *range* >= *other* (or *other* in *range*).
+        """
+        self._check_title(other)
+
+        return self.__superset(other)
+
+    __ge__ = issuperset
+
+
+    def __contains__(self, coord):
+        """
+        Check whether the range contains a particular cell coordinate
+        """
+        cr = self.__class__(coord)
+        return self.__superset(cr)
+
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        """
+        Test whether this range contains every cell in *other*, and more.
+
+        :type other: openpyxl.worksheet.cell_range.CellRange
+        :param other: Other sheet range
+        :return: ``True`` if *range* > *other*.
+        """
+        return self.__ge__(other) and self.__ne__(other)
+
+
+    def isdisjoint(self, other):
+        """
+        Return ``True`` if this range has no cell in common with *other*.
+        Ranges are disjoint if and only if their intersection is the empty range.
+
+        :type other: openpyxl.worksheet.cell_range.CellRange
+        :param other: Other sheet range.
+        :return: ``True`` if the range has no cells in common with other.
+        """
+        self._check_title(other)
+
+        # Sort by top-left vertex
+        if self.bounds > other.bounds:
+            self, other = other, self
+
+        return (self.max_col < other.min_col
+                or self.max_row < other.min_row
+                or other.max_row < self.min_row)
+
+
+    def intersection(self, other):
+        """
+        Return a new range with cells common to this range and *other*
+
+        :type other: openpyxl.worksheet.cell_range.CellRange
+        :param other: Other sheet range.
+        :return: the intersecting sheet range.
+        :raise: :class:`ValueError` if the *other* range doesn't intersect
+            with this range.
+        """
+        if self.isdisjoint(other):
+            raise ValueError("Range {0} doesn't intersect {0}".format(self, other))
+
+        min_row = max(self.min_row, other.min_row)
+        max_row = min(self.max_row, other.max_row)
+        min_col = max(self.min_col, other.min_col)
+        max_col = min(self.max_col, other.max_col)
+
+        return CellRange(min_col=min_col, min_row=min_row, max_col=max_col,
+                         max_row=max_row)
+
+    __and__ = intersection
+
+
+    def union(self, other):
+        """
+        Return the minimal superset of this range and *other*. This new range
+        will contain all cells from this range, *other*, and any additional
+        cells required to form a rectangular ``CellRange``.
+
+        :type other: openpyxl.worksheet.cell_range.CellRange
+        :param other: Other sheet range.
+        :return: a ``CellRange`` that is a superset of this and *other*.
+        """
+        self._check_title(other)
+
+        min_row = min(self.min_row, other.min_row)
+        max_row = max(self.max_row, other.max_row)
+        min_col = min(self.min_col, other.min_col)
+        max_col = max(self.max_col, other.max_col)
+        return CellRange(min_col=min_col, min_row=min_row, max_col=max_col,
+                         max_row=max_row, title=self.title)
+
+    __or__ = union
+
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """
+        For use as a dictionary elsewhere in the library.
+        """
+        for x in self.__attrs__:
+            if x == "title":
+                continue
+            v = getattr(self, x)
+            yield x, v
+
+
+    def expand(self, right=0, down=0, left=0, up=0):
+        """
+        Expand the range by the dimensions provided.
+
+        :type right: int
+        :param right: expand range to the right by this number of cells
+        :type down: int
+        :param down: expand range down by this number of cells
+        :type left: int
+        :param left: expand range to the left by this number of cells
+        :type up: int
+        :param up: expand range up by this number of cells
+        """
+        self.min_col -= left
+        self.min_row -= up
+        self.max_col += right
+        self.max_row += down
+
+
+    def shrink(self, right=0, bottom=0, left=0, top=0):
+        """
+        Shrink the range by the dimensions provided.
+
+        :type right: int
+        :param right: shrink range from the right by this number of cells
+        :type down: int
+        :param down: shrink range from the top by this number of cells
+        :type left: int
+        :param left: shrink range from the left by this number of cells
+        :type up: int
+        :param up: shrink range from the bottom by this number of cells
+        """
+        self.min_col += left
+        self.min_row += top
+        self.max_col -= right
+        self.max_row -= bottom
+
+
+    @property
+    def size(self):
+        """ Return the size of the range as a dictionary of rows and columns. """
+        cols = self.max_col + 1 - self.min_col
+        rows = self.max_row + 1 - self.min_row
+        return {'columns':cols, 'rows':rows}
+
+
+    @property
+    def top(self):
+        """A list of cell coordinates that comprise the top of the range"""
+        return [(self.min_row, col) for col in range(self.min_col, self.max_col+1)]
+
+
+    @property
+    def bottom(self):
+        """A list of cell coordinates that comprise the bottom of the range"""
+        return [(self.max_row, col) for col in range(self.min_col, self.max_col+1)]
+
+
+    @property
+    def left(self):
+        """A list of cell coordinates that comprise the left-side of the range"""
+        return [(row, self.min_col) for row in range(self.min_row, self.max_row+1)]
+
+
+    @property
+    def right(self):
+        """A list of cell coordinates that comprise the right-side of the range"""
+        return [(row, self.max_col) for row in range(self.min_row, self.max_row+1)]
+
+
+class MultiCellRange(Strict):
+
+
+    ranges = UniqueSequence(expected_type=CellRange)
+
+
+    def __init__(self, ranges=set()):
+        if isinstance(ranges, str):
+            ranges = [CellRange(r) for r in ranges.split()]
+        self.ranges = set(ranges)
+
+
+    def __contains__(self, coord):
+        if isinstance(coord, str):
+            coord = CellRange(coord)
+        for r in self.ranges:
+            if coord <= r:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        ranges = " ".join([str(r) for r in self.sorted()])
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} [{ranges}]>"
+
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        ranges = u" ".join([str(r) for r in self.sorted()])
+        return ranges
+
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(str(self))
+
+
+    def sorted(self):
+        """
+        Return a sorted list of items
+        """
+        return sorted(self.ranges, key=attrgetter('min_col', 'min_row', 'max_col', 'max_row'))
+
+
+    def add(self, coord):
+        """
+        Add a cell coordinate or CellRange
+        """
+        cr = coord
+        if isinstance(coord, str):
+            cr = CellRange(coord)
+        elif not isinstance(coord, CellRange):
+            raise ValueError("You can only add CellRanges")
+        if cr not in self:
+            self.ranges.add(cr)
+
+
+    def __iadd__(self, coord):
+        self.add(coord)
+        return self
+
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if  isinstance(other, str):
+            other = self.__class__(other)
+        return self.ranges == other.ranges
+
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return bool(self.ranges)
+
+
+    def remove(self, coord):
+        if not isinstance(coord, CellRange):
+            coord = CellRange(coord)
+        self.ranges.remove(coord)
+
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for cr in self.ranges:
+            yield cr
+
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        ranges = {copy(r) for r in self.ranges}
+        return MultiCellRange(ranges)