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+# Copyright (c) 2010-2024 openpyxl
+
+"""Manage Excel date weirdness."""
+
+# Python stdlib imports
+import datetime
+from math import isnan
+import re
+
+
+# constants
+MAC_EPOCH = datetime.datetime(1904, 1, 1)
+WINDOWS_EPOCH = datetime.datetime(1899, 12, 30)
+CALENDAR_WINDOWS_1900 = 2415018.5 # Julian date of WINDOWS_EPOCH
+CALENDAR_MAC_1904 = 2416480.5 # Julian date of MAC_EPOCH
+CALENDAR_WINDOWS_1900 = WINDOWS_EPOCH
+CALENDAR_MAC_1904 = MAC_EPOCH
+SECS_PER_DAY = 86400
+
+ISO_FORMAT = '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ'
+ISO_REGEX = re.compile(r'''
+(?P<date>(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d{2})-(?P<day>\d{2}))?T?
+(?P<time>(?P<hour>\d{2}):(?P<minute>\d{2})(:(?P<second>\d{2})(?P<microsecond>\.\d{1,3})?)?)?Z?''',
+ re.VERBOSE)
+ISO_DURATION = re.compile(r'PT((?P<hours>\d+)H)?((?P<minutes>\d+)M)?((?P<seconds>\d+(\.\d{1,3})?)S)?')
+
+
+def to_ISO8601(dt):
+ """Convert from a datetime to a timestamp string."""
+ if hasattr(dt, "microsecond") and dt.microsecond:
+ return dt.isoformat(timespec="milliseconds")
+ return dt.isoformat()
+
+
+def from_ISO8601(formatted_string):
+ """Convert from a timestamp string to a datetime object. According to
+ 18.17.4 in the specification the following ISO 8601 formats are
+ supported.
+
+ Dates B.1.1 and B.2.1
+ Times B.1.2 and B.2.2
+ Datetimes B.1.3 and B.2.3
+
+ There is no concept of timedeltas in the specification, but Excel
+ writes them (in strict OOXML mode), so these are also understood.
+ """
+ if not formatted_string:
+ return None
+
+ match = ISO_REGEX.match(formatted_string)
+ if match and any(match.groups()):
+ parts = match.groupdict(0)
+ for key in ["year", "month", "day", "hour", "minute", "second"]:
+ if parts[key]:
+ parts[key] = int(parts[key])
+
+ if parts["microsecond"]:
+ parts["microsecond"] = int(float(parts['microsecond']) * 1_000_000)
+
+ if not parts["date"]:
+ dt = datetime.time(parts['hour'], parts['minute'], parts['second'], parts["microsecond"])
+ elif not parts["time"]:
+ dt = datetime.date(parts['year'], parts['month'], parts['day'])
+ else:
+ del parts["time"]
+ del parts["date"]
+ dt = datetime.datetime(**parts)
+ return dt
+
+ match = ISO_DURATION.match(formatted_string)
+ if match and any(match.groups()):
+ parts = match.groupdict(0)
+ for key, val in parts.items():
+ if val:
+ parts[key] = float(val)
+ return datetime.timedelta(**parts)
+
+ raise ValueError("Invalid datetime value {}".format(formatted_string))
+
+
+def to_excel(dt, epoch=WINDOWS_EPOCH):
+ """Convert Python datetime to Excel serial"""
+ if isinstance(dt, datetime.time):
+ return time_to_days(dt)
+ if isinstance(dt, datetime.timedelta):
+ return timedelta_to_days(dt)
+ if isnan(dt.year): # Pandas supports Not a Date
+ return
+
+ if not hasattr(dt, "date"):
+ dt = datetime.datetime.combine(dt, datetime.time())
+
+ # rebase on epoch and adjust for < 1900-03-01
+ days = (dt - epoch).days
+ if 0 < days <= 60 and epoch == WINDOWS_EPOCH:
+ days -= 1
+ return days + time_to_days(dt)
+
+
+def from_excel(value, epoch=WINDOWS_EPOCH, timedelta=False):
+ """Convert Excel serial to Python datetime"""
+ if value is None:
+ return
+
+ if timedelta:
+ td = datetime.timedelta(days=value)
+ if td.microseconds:
+ # round to millisecond precision
+ td = datetime.timedelta(seconds=td.total_seconds() // 1,
+ microseconds=round(td.microseconds, -3))
+ return td
+
+ day, fraction = divmod(value, 1)
+ diff = datetime.timedelta(milliseconds=round(fraction * SECS_PER_DAY * 1000))
+ if 0 <= value < 1 and diff.days == 0:
+ return days_to_time(diff)
+ if 0 < value < 60 and epoch == WINDOWS_EPOCH:
+ day += 1
+ return epoch + datetime.timedelta(days=day) + diff
+
+
+def time_to_days(value):
+ """Convert a time value to fractions of day"""
+ return (
+ (value.hour * 3600)
+ + (value.minute * 60)
+ + value.second
+ + value.microsecond / 10**6
+ ) / SECS_PER_DAY
+
+
+def timedelta_to_days(value):
+ """Convert a timedelta value to fractions of a day"""
+ return value.total_seconds() / SECS_PER_DAY
+
+
+def days_to_time(value):
+ mins, seconds = divmod(value.seconds, 60)
+ hours, mins = divmod(mins, 60)
+ return datetime.time(hours, mins, seconds, value.microseconds)