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+# Copyright 2016 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""Authorization support for gRPC."""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import os
+
+from google.auth import environment_vars
+from google.auth import exceptions
+from google.auth.transport import _mtls_helper
+from google.oauth2 import service_account
+
+try:
+ import grpc # type: ignore
+except ImportError as caught_exc: # pragma: NO COVER
+ raise ImportError(
+ "gRPC is not installed from please install the grpcio package to use the gRPC transport."
+ ) from caught_exc
+
+_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class AuthMetadataPlugin(grpc.AuthMetadataPlugin):
+ """A `gRPC AuthMetadataPlugin`_ that inserts the credentials into each
+ request.
+
+ .. _gRPC AuthMetadataPlugin:
+ http://www.grpc.io/grpc/python/grpc.html#grpc.AuthMetadataPlugin
+
+ Args:
+ credentials (google.auth.credentials.Credentials): The credentials to
+ add to requests.
+ request (google.auth.transport.Request): A HTTP transport request
+ object used to refresh credentials as needed.
+ default_host (Optional[str]): A host like "pubsub.googleapis.com".
+ This is used when a self-signed JWT is created from service
+ account credentials.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, credentials, request, default_host=None):
+ # pylint: disable=no-value-for-parameter
+ # pylint doesn't realize that the super method takes no arguments
+ # because this class is the same name as the superclass.
+ super(AuthMetadataPlugin, self).__init__()
+ self._credentials = credentials
+ self._request = request
+ self._default_host = default_host
+
+ def _get_authorization_headers(self, context):
+ """Gets the authorization headers for a request.
+
+ Returns:
+ Sequence[Tuple[str, str]]: A list of request headers (key, value)
+ to add to the request.
+ """
+ headers = {}
+
+ # https://google.aip.dev/auth/4111
+ # Attempt to use self-signed JWTs when a service account is used.
+ # A default host must be explicitly provided since it cannot always
+ # be determined from the context.service_url.
+ if isinstance(self._credentials, service_account.Credentials):
+ self._credentials._create_self_signed_jwt(
+ "https://{}/".format(self._default_host) if self._default_host else None
+ )
+
+ self._credentials.before_request(
+ self._request, context.method_name, context.service_url, headers
+ )
+
+ return list(headers.items())
+
+ def __call__(self, context, callback):
+ """Passes authorization metadata into the given callback.
+
+ Args:
+ context (grpc.AuthMetadataContext): The RPC context.
+ callback (grpc.AuthMetadataPluginCallback): The callback that will
+ be invoked to pass in the authorization metadata.
+ """
+ callback(self._get_authorization_headers(context), None)
+
+
+def secure_authorized_channel(
+ credentials,
+ request,
+ target,
+ ssl_credentials=None,
+ client_cert_callback=None,
+ **kwargs
+):
+ """Creates a secure authorized gRPC channel.
+
+ This creates a channel with SSL and :class:`AuthMetadataPlugin`. This
+ channel can be used to create a stub that can make authorized requests.
+ Users can configure client certificate or rely on device certificates to
+ establish a mutual TLS channel, if the `GOOGLE_API_USE_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE`
+ variable is explicitly set to `true`.
+
+ Example::
+
+ import google.auth
+ import google.auth.transport.grpc
+ import google.auth.transport.requests
+ from google.cloud.speech.v1 import cloud_speech_pb2
+
+ # Get credentials.
+ credentials, _ = google.auth.default()
+
+ # Get an HTTP request function to refresh credentials.
+ request = google.auth.transport.requests.Request()
+
+ # Create a channel.
+ channel = google.auth.transport.grpc.secure_authorized_channel(
+ credentials, regular_endpoint, request,
+ ssl_credentials=grpc.ssl_channel_credentials())
+
+ # Use the channel to create a stub.
+ cloud_speech.create_Speech_stub(channel)
+
+ Usage:
+
+ There are actually a couple of options to create a channel, depending on if
+ you want to create a regular or mutual TLS channel.
+
+ First let's list the endpoints (regular vs mutual TLS) to choose from::
+
+ regular_endpoint = 'speech.googleapis.com:443'
+ mtls_endpoint = 'speech.mtls.googleapis.com:443'
+
+ Option 1: create a regular (non-mutual) TLS channel by explicitly setting
+ the ssl_credentials::
+
+ regular_ssl_credentials = grpc.ssl_channel_credentials()
+
+ channel = google.auth.transport.grpc.secure_authorized_channel(
+ credentials, regular_endpoint, request,
+ ssl_credentials=regular_ssl_credentials)
+
+ Option 2: create a mutual TLS channel by calling a callback which returns
+ the client side certificate and the key (Note that
+ `GOOGLE_API_USE_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE` environment variable must be explicitly
+ set to `true`)::
+
+ def my_client_cert_callback():
+ code_to_load_client_cert_and_key()
+ if loaded:
+ return (pem_cert_bytes, pem_key_bytes)
+ raise MyClientCertFailureException()
+
+ try:
+ channel = google.auth.transport.grpc.secure_authorized_channel(
+ credentials, mtls_endpoint, request,
+ client_cert_callback=my_client_cert_callback)
+ except MyClientCertFailureException:
+ # handle the exception
+
+ Option 3: use application default SSL credentials. It searches and uses
+ the command in a context aware metadata file, which is available on devices
+ with endpoint verification support (Note that
+ `GOOGLE_API_USE_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE` environment variable must be explicitly
+ set to `true`).
+ See https://cloud.google.com/endpoint-verification/docs/overview::
+
+ try:
+ default_ssl_credentials = SslCredentials()
+ except:
+ # Exception can be raised if the context aware metadata is malformed.
+ # See :class:`SslCredentials` for the possible exceptions.
+
+ # Choose the endpoint based on the SSL credentials type.
+ if default_ssl_credentials.is_mtls:
+ endpoint_to_use = mtls_endpoint
+ else:
+ endpoint_to_use = regular_endpoint
+ channel = google.auth.transport.grpc.secure_authorized_channel(
+ credentials, endpoint_to_use, request,
+ ssl_credentials=default_ssl_credentials)
+
+ Option 4: not setting ssl_credentials and client_cert_callback. For devices
+ without endpoint verification support or `GOOGLE_API_USE_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE`
+ environment variable is not `true`, a regular TLS channel is created;
+ otherwise, a mutual TLS channel is created, however, the call should be
+ wrapped in a try/except block in case of malformed context aware metadata.
+
+ The following code uses regular_endpoint, it works the same no matter the
+ created channle is regular or mutual TLS. Regular endpoint ignores client
+ certificate and key::
+
+ channel = google.auth.transport.grpc.secure_authorized_channel(
+ credentials, regular_endpoint, request)
+
+ The following code uses mtls_endpoint, if the created channle is regular,
+ and API mtls_endpoint is confgured to require client SSL credentials, API
+ calls using this channel will be rejected::
+
+ channel = google.auth.transport.grpc.secure_authorized_channel(
+ credentials, mtls_endpoint, request)
+
+ Args:
+ credentials (google.auth.credentials.Credentials): The credentials to
+ add to requests.
+ request (google.auth.transport.Request): A HTTP transport request
+ object used to refresh credentials as needed. Even though gRPC
+ is a separate transport, there's no way to refresh the credentials
+ without using a standard http transport.
+ target (str): The host and port of the service.
+ ssl_credentials (grpc.ChannelCredentials): Optional SSL channel
+ credentials. This can be used to specify different certificates.
+ This argument is mutually exclusive with client_cert_callback;
+ providing both will raise an exception.
+ If ssl_credentials and client_cert_callback are None, application
+ default SSL credentials are used if `GOOGLE_API_USE_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE`
+ environment variable is explicitly set to `true`, otherwise one way TLS
+ SSL credentials are used.
+ client_cert_callback (Callable[[], (bytes, bytes)]): Optional
+ callback function to obtain client certicate and key for mutual TLS
+ connection. This argument is mutually exclusive with
+ ssl_credentials; providing both will raise an exception.
+ This argument does nothing unless `GOOGLE_API_USE_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE`
+ environment variable is explicitly set to `true`.
+ kwargs: Additional arguments to pass to :func:`grpc.secure_channel`.
+
+ Returns:
+ grpc.Channel: The created gRPC channel.
+
+ Raises:
+ google.auth.exceptions.MutualTLSChannelError: If mutual TLS channel
+ creation failed for any reason.
+ """
+ # Create the metadata plugin for inserting the authorization header.
+ metadata_plugin = AuthMetadataPlugin(credentials, request)
+
+ # Create a set of grpc.CallCredentials using the metadata plugin.
+ google_auth_credentials = grpc.metadata_call_credentials(metadata_plugin)
+
+ if ssl_credentials and client_cert_callback:
+ raise exceptions.MalformedError(
+ "Received both ssl_credentials and client_cert_callback; "
+ "these are mutually exclusive."
+ )
+
+ # If SSL credentials are not explicitly set, try client_cert_callback and ADC.
+ if not ssl_credentials:
+ use_client_cert = os.getenv(
+ environment_vars.GOOGLE_API_USE_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE, "false"
+ )
+ if use_client_cert == "true" and client_cert_callback:
+ # Use the callback if provided.
+ cert, key = client_cert_callback()
+ ssl_credentials = grpc.ssl_channel_credentials(
+ certificate_chain=cert, private_key=key
+ )
+ elif use_client_cert == "true":
+ # Use application default SSL credentials.
+ adc_ssl_credentils = SslCredentials()
+ ssl_credentials = adc_ssl_credentils.ssl_credentials
+ else:
+ ssl_credentials = grpc.ssl_channel_credentials()
+
+ # Combine the ssl credentials and the authorization credentials.
+ composite_credentials = grpc.composite_channel_credentials(
+ ssl_credentials, google_auth_credentials
+ )
+
+ return grpc.secure_channel(target, composite_credentials, **kwargs)
+
+
+class SslCredentials:
+ """Class for application default SSL credentials.
+
+ The behavior is controlled by `GOOGLE_API_USE_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE` environment
+ variable whose default value is `false`. Client certificate will not be used
+ unless the environment variable is explicitly set to `true`. See
+ https://google.aip.dev/auth/4114
+
+ If the environment variable is `true`, then for devices with endpoint verification
+ support, a device certificate will be automatically loaded and mutual TLS will
+ be established.
+ See https://cloud.google.com/endpoint-verification/docs/overview.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self):
+ use_client_cert = os.getenv(
+ environment_vars.GOOGLE_API_USE_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE, "false"
+ )
+ if use_client_cert != "true":
+ self._is_mtls = False
+ else:
+ # Load client SSL credentials.
+ metadata_path = _mtls_helper._check_config_path(
+ _mtls_helper.CONTEXT_AWARE_METADATA_PATH
+ )
+ self._is_mtls = metadata_path is not None
+
+ @property
+ def ssl_credentials(self):
+ """Get the created SSL channel credentials.
+
+ For devices with endpoint verification support, if the device certificate
+ loading has any problems, corresponding exceptions will be raised. For
+ a device without endpoint verification support, no exceptions will be
+ raised.
+
+ Returns:
+ grpc.ChannelCredentials: The created grpc channel credentials.
+
+ Raises:
+ google.auth.exceptions.MutualTLSChannelError: If mutual TLS channel
+ creation failed for any reason.
+ """
+ if self._is_mtls:
+ try:
+ _, cert, key, _ = _mtls_helper.get_client_ssl_credentials()
+ self._ssl_credentials = grpc.ssl_channel_credentials(
+ certificate_chain=cert, private_key=key
+ )
+ except exceptions.ClientCertError as caught_exc:
+ new_exc = exceptions.MutualTLSChannelError(caught_exc)
+ raise new_exc from caught_exc
+ else:
+ self._ssl_credentials = grpc.ssl_channel_credentials()
+
+ return self._ssl_credentials
+
+ @property
+ def is_mtls(self):
+ """Indicates if the created SSL channel credentials is mutual TLS."""
+ return self._is_mtls