two version of R2R are here HEAD master

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diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/coercions.py b/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/coercions.py
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+# sql/coercions.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2025 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs, allow-untyped-calls
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import collections.abc as collections_abc
+import numbers
+import re
+import typing
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import cast
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import List
+from typing import NoReturn
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import overload
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import Type
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TypeVar
+from typing import Union
+
+from . import roles
+from . import visitors
+from ._typing import is_from_clause
+from .base import ExecutableOption
+from .base import Options
+from .cache_key import HasCacheKey
+from .visitors import Visitable
+from .. import exc
+from .. import inspection
+from .. import util
+from ..util.typing import Literal
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    # elements lambdas schema selectable are set by __init__
+    from . import elements
+    from . import lambdas
+    from . import schema
+    from . import selectable
+    from ._typing import _ColumnExpressionArgument
+    from ._typing import _ColumnsClauseArgument
+    from ._typing import _DDLColumnArgument
+    from ._typing import _DMLTableArgument
+    from ._typing import _FromClauseArgument
+    from .dml import _DMLTableElement
+    from .elements import BindParameter
+    from .elements import ClauseElement
+    from .elements import ColumnClause
+    from .elements import ColumnElement
+    from .elements import NamedColumn
+    from .elements import SQLCoreOperations
+    from .elements import TextClause
+    from .schema import Column
+    from .selectable import _ColumnsClauseElement
+    from .selectable import _JoinTargetProtocol
+    from .selectable import FromClause
+    from .selectable import HasCTE
+    from .selectable import SelectBase
+    from .selectable import Subquery
+    from .visitors import _TraverseCallableType
+
+_SR = TypeVar("_SR", bound=roles.SQLRole)
+_F = TypeVar("_F", bound=Callable[..., Any])
+_StringOnlyR = TypeVar("_StringOnlyR", bound=roles.StringRole)
+_T = TypeVar("_T", bound=Any)
+
+
+def _is_literal(element):
+    """Return whether or not the element is a "literal" in the context
+    of a SQL expression construct.
+
+    """
+
+    return not isinstance(
+        element,
+        (Visitable, schema.SchemaEventTarget),
+    ) and not hasattr(element, "__clause_element__")
+
+
+def _deep_is_literal(element):
+    """Return whether or not the element is a "literal" in the context
+    of a SQL expression construct.
+
+    does a deeper more esoteric check than _is_literal.   is used
+    for lambda elements that have to distinguish values that would
+    be bound vs. not without any context.
+
+    """
+
+    if isinstance(element, collections_abc.Sequence) and not isinstance(
+        element, str
+    ):
+        for elem in element:
+            if not _deep_is_literal(elem):
+                return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    return (
+        not isinstance(
+            element,
+            (
+                Visitable,
+                schema.SchemaEventTarget,
+                HasCacheKey,
+                Options,
+                util.langhelpers.symbol,
+            ),
+        )
+        and not hasattr(element, "__clause_element__")
+        and (
+            not isinstance(element, type)
+            or not issubclass(element, HasCacheKey)
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def _document_text_coercion(
+    paramname: str, meth_rst: str, param_rst: str
+) -> Callable[[_F], _F]:
+    return util.add_parameter_text(
+        paramname,
+        (
+            ".. warning:: "
+            "The %s argument to %s can be passed as a Python string argument, "
+            "which will be treated "
+            "as **trusted SQL text** and rendered as given.  **DO NOT PASS "
+            "UNTRUSTED INPUT TO THIS PARAMETER**."
+        )
+        % (param_rst, meth_rst),
+    )
+
+
+def _expression_collection_was_a_list(
+    attrname: str,
+    fnname: str,
+    args: Union[Sequence[_T], Sequence[Sequence[_T]]],
+) -> Sequence[_T]:
+    if args and isinstance(args[0], (list, set, dict)) and len(args) == 1:
+        if isinstance(args[0], list):
+            raise exc.ArgumentError(
+                f'The "{attrname}" argument to {fnname}(), when '
+                "referring to a sequence "
+                "of items, is now passed as a series of positional "
+                "elements, rather than as a list. "
+            )
+        return cast("Sequence[_T]", args[0])
+
+    return cast("Sequence[_T]", args)
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.TruncatedLabelRole],
+    element: Any,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> str: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.DMLColumnRole],
+    element: Any,
+    *,
+    as_key: Literal[True] = ...,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> str: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.LiteralValueRole],
+    element: Any,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> BindParameter[Any]: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.DDLReferredColumnRole],
+    element: Any,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> Union[Column[Any], str]: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.DDLConstraintColumnRole],
+    element: Any,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> Union[Column[Any], str]: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.StatementOptionRole],
+    element: Any,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> Union[ColumnElement[Any], TextClause]: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.LabeledColumnExprRole[Any]],
+    element: _ColumnExpressionArgument[_T],
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> NamedColumn[_T]: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Union[
+        Type[roles.ExpressionElementRole[Any]],
+        Type[roles.LimitOffsetRole],
+        Type[roles.WhereHavingRole],
+    ],
+    element: _ColumnExpressionArgument[_T],
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> ColumnElement[_T]: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Union[
+        Type[roles.ExpressionElementRole[Any]],
+        Type[roles.LimitOffsetRole],
+        Type[roles.WhereHavingRole],
+        Type[roles.OnClauseRole],
+        Type[roles.ColumnArgumentRole],
+    ],
+    element: Any,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> ColumnElement[Any]: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.DMLTableRole],
+    element: _DMLTableArgument,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> _DMLTableElement: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.HasCTERole],
+    element: HasCTE,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> HasCTE: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.SelectStatementRole],
+    element: SelectBase,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> SelectBase: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.FromClauseRole],
+    element: _FromClauseArgument,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> FromClause: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.FromClauseRole],
+    element: SelectBase,
+    *,
+    explicit_subquery: Literal[True] = ...,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> Subquery: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.ColumnsClauseRole],
+    element: _ColumnsClauseArgument[Any],
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> _ColumnsClauseElement: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[roles.JoinTargetRole],
+    element: _JoinTargetProtocol,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> _JoinTargetProtocol: ...
+
+
+# catchall for not-yet-implemented overloads
+@overload
+def expect(
+    role: Type[_SR],
+    element: Any,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> Any: ...
+
+
+def expect(
+    role: Type[_SR],
+    element: Any,
+    *,
+    apply_propagate_attrs: Optional[ClauseElement] = None,
+    argname: Optional[str] = None,
+    post_inspect: bool = False,
+    disable_inspection: bool = False,
+    **kw: Any,
+) -> Any:
+    if (
+        role.allows_lambda
+        # note callable() will not invoke a __getattr__() method, whereas
+        # hasattr(obj, "__call__") will. by keeping the callable() check here
+        # we prevent most needless calls to hasattr()  and therefore
+        # __getattr__(), which is present on ColumnElement.
+        and callable(element)
+        and hasattr(element, "__code__")
+    ):
+        return lambdas.LambdaElement(
+            element,
+            role,
+            lambdas.LambdaOptions(**kw),
+            apply_propagate_attrs=apply_propagate_attrs,
+        )
+
+    # major case is that we are given a ClauseElement already, skip more
+    # elaborate logic up front if possible
+    impl = _impl_lookup[role]
+
+    original_element = element
+
+    if not isinstance(
+        element,
+        (
+            elements.CompilerElement,
+            schema.SchemaItem,
+            schema.FetchedValue,
+            lambdas.PyWrapper,
+        ),
+    ):
+        resolved = None
+
+        if impl._resolve_literal_only:
+            resolved = impl._literal_coercion(element, **kw)
+        else:
+            original_element = element
+
+            is_clause_element = False
+
+            # this is a special performance optimization for ORM
+            # joins used by JoinTargetImpl that we don't go through the
+            # work of creating __clause_element__() when we only need the
+            # original QueryableAttribute, as the former will do clause
+            # adaption and all that which is just thrown away here.
+            if (
+                impl._skip_clauseelement_for_target_match
+                and isinstance(element, role)
+                and hasattr(element, "__clause_element__")
+            ):
+                is_clause_element = True
+            else:
+                while hasattr(element, "__clause_element__"):
+                    is_clause_element = True
+
+                    if not getattr(element, "is_clause_element", False):
+                        element = element.__clause_element__()
+                    else:
+                        break
+
+            if not is_clause_element:
+                if impl._use_inspection and not disable_inspection:
+                    insp = inspection.inspect(element, raiseerr=False)
+                    if insp is not None:
+                        if post_inspect:
+                            insp._post_inspect
+                        try:
+                            resolved = insp.__clause_element__()
+                        except AttributeError:
+                            impl._raise_for_expected(original_element, argname)
+
+                if resolved is None:
+                    resolved = impl._literal_coercion(
+                        element, argname=argname, **kw
+                    )
+            else:
+                resolved = element
+    elif isinstance(element, lambdas.PyWrapper):
+        resolved = element._sa__py_wrapper_literal(**kw)
+    else:
+        resolved = element
+
+    if apply_propagate_attrs is not None:
+        if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+            assert isinstance(resolved, (SQLCoreOperations, ClauseElement))
+
+        if not apply_propagate_attrs._propagate_attrs and getattr(
+            resolved, "_propagate_attrs", None
+        ):
+            apply_propagate_attrs._propagate_attrs = resolved._propagate_attrs
+
+    if impl._role_class in resolved.__class__.__mro__:
+        if impl._post_coercion:
+            resolved = impl._post_coercion(
+                resolved,
+                argname=argname,
+                original_element=original_element,
+                **kw,
+            )
+        return resolved
+    else:
+        return impl._implicit_coercions(
+            original_element, resolved, argname=argname, **kw
+        )
+
+
+def expect_as_key(
+    role: Type[roles.DMLColumnRole], element: Any, **kw: Any
+) -> str:
+    kw.pop("as_key", None)
+    return expect(role, element, as_key=True, **kw)
+
+
+def expect_col_expression_collection(
+    role: Type[roles.DDLConstraintColumnRole],
+    expressions: Iterable[_DDLColumnArgument],
+) -> Iterator[
+    Tuple[
+        Union[str, Column[Any]],
+        Optional[ColumnClause[Any]],
+        Optional[str],
+        Optional[Union[Column[Any], str]],
+    ]
+]:
+    for expr in expressions:
+        strname = None
+        column = None
+
+        resolved: Union[Column[Any], str] = expect(role, expr)
+        if isinstance(resolved, str):
+            assert isinstance(expr, str)
+            strname = resolved = expr
+        else:
+            cols: List[Column[Any]] = []
+            col_append: _TraverseCallableType[Column[Any]] = cols.append
+            visitors.traverse(resolved, {}, {"column": col_append})
+            if cols:
+                column = cols[0]
+        add_element = column if column is not None else strname
+
+        yield resolved, column, strname, add_element
+
+
+class RoleImpl:
+    __slots__ = ("_role_class", "name", "_use_inspection")
+
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, **kw):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    _post_coercion: Any = None
+    _resolve_literal_only = False
+    _skip_clauseelement_for_target_match = False
+
+    def __init__(self, role_class):
+        self._role_class = role_class
+        self.name = role_class._role_name
+        self._use_inspection = issubclass(role_class, roles.UsesInspection)
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+    def _raise_for_expected(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        resolved: Optional[Any] = None,
+        *,
+        advice: Optional[str] = None,
+        code: Optional[str] = None,
+        err: Optional[Exception] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> NoReturn:
+        if resolved is not None and resolved is not element:
+            got = "%r object resolved from %r object" % (resolved, element)
+        else:
+            got = repr(element)
+
+        if argname:
+            msg = "%s expected for argument %r; got %s." % (
+                self.name,
+                argname,
+                got,
+            )
+        else:
+            msg = "%s expected, got %s." % (self.name, got)
+
+        if advice:
+            msg += " " + advice
+
+        raise exc.ArgumentError(msg, code=code) from err
+
+
+class _Deannotate:
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _post_coercion(self, resolved, **kw):
+        from .util import _deep_deannotate
+
+        return _deep_deannotate(resolved)
+
+
+class _StringOnly:
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    _resolve_literal_only = True
+
+
+class _ReturnsStringKey(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(self, element, resolved, argname=None, **kw):
+        if isinstance(element, str):
+            return element
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, **kw):
+        return element
+
+
+class _ColumnCoercions(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _warn_for_scalar_subquery_coercion(self):
+        util.warn(
+            "implicitly coercing SELECT object to scalar subquery; "
+            "please use the .scalar_subquery() method to produce a scalar "
+            "subquery.",
+        )
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(self, element, resolved, argname=None, **kw):
+        original_element = element
+        if not getattr(resolved, "is_clause_element", False):
+            self._raise_for_expected(original_element, argname, resolved)
+        elif resolved._is_select_base:
+            self._warn_for_scalar_subquery_coercion()
+            return resolved.scalar_subquery()
+        elif resolved._is_from_clause and isinstance(
+            resolved, selectable.Subquery
+        ):
+            self._warn_for_scalar_subquery_coercion()
+            return resolved.element.scalar_subquery()
+        elif self._role_class.allows_lambda and resolved._is_lambda_element:
+            return resolved
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(original_element, argname, resolved)
+
+
+def _no_text_coercion(
+    element: Any,
+    argname: Optional[str] = None,
+    exc_cls: Type[exc.SQLAlchemyError] = exc.ArgumentError,
+    extra: Optional[str] = None,
+    err: Optional[Exception] = None,
+) -> NoReturn:
+    raise exc_cls(
+        "%(extra)sTextual SQL expression %(expr)r %(argname)sshould be "
+        "explicitly declared as text(%(expr)r)"
+        % {
+            "expr": util.ellipses_string(element),
+            "argname": "for argument %s" % (argname,) if argname else "",
+            "extra": "%s " % extra if extra else "",
+        }
+    ) from err
+
+
+class _NoTextCoercion(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, *, argname=None, **kw):
+        if isinstance(element, str) and issubclass(
+            elements.TextClause, self._role_class
+        ):
+            _no_text_coercion(element, argname)
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname)
+
+
+class _CoerceLiterals(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+    _coerce_consts = False
+    _coerce_star = False
+    _coerce_numerics = False
+
+    def _text_coercion(self, element, argname=None):
+        return _no_text_coercion(element, argname)
+
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, *, argname=None, **kw):
+        if isinstance(element, str):
+            if self._coerce_star and element == "*":
+                return elements.ColumnClause("*", is_literal=True)
+            else:
+                return self._text_coercion(element, argname, **kw)
+
+        if self._coerce_consts:
+            if element is None:
+                return elements.Null()
+            elif element is False:
+                return elements.False_()
+            elif element is True:
+                return elements.True_()
+
+        if self._coerce_numerics and isinstance(element, (numbers.Number)):
+            return elements.ColumnClause(str(element), is_literal=True)
+
+        self._raise_for_expected(element, argname)
+
+
+class LiteralValueImpl(RoleImpl):
+    _resolve_literal_only = True
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element,
+        resolved,
+        argname=None,
+        *,
+        type_=None,
+        literal_execute=False,
+        **kw,
+    ):
+        if not _is_literal(resolved):
+            self._raise_for_expected(
+                element, resolved=resolved, argname=argname, **kw
+            )
+
+        return elements.BindParameter(
+            None,
+            element,
+            type_=type_,
+            unique=True,
+            literal_execute=literal_execute,
+        )
+
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, **kw):
+        return element
+
+
+class _SelectIsNotFrom(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _raise_for_expected(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        resolved: Optional[Any] = None,
+        *,
+        advice: Optional[str] = None,
+        code: Optional[str] = None,
+        err: Optional[Exception] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> NoReturn:
+        if (
+            not advice
+            and isinstance(element, roles.SelectStatementRole)
+            or isinstance(resolved, roles.SelectStatementRole)
+        ):
+            advice = (
+                "To create a "
+                "FROM clause from a %s object, use the .subquery() method."
+                % (resolved.__class__ if resolved is not None else element,)
+            )
+            code = "89ve"
+        else:
+            code = None
+
+        super()._raise_for_expected(
+            element,
+            argname=argname,
+            resolved=resolved,
+            advice=advice,
+            code=code,
+            err=err,
+            **kw,
+        )
+        # never reached
+        assert False
+
+
+class HasCacheKeyImpl(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if isinstance(element, HasCacheKey):
+            return element
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, **kw):
+        return element
+
+
+class ExecutableOptionImpl(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if isinstance(element, ExecutableOption):
+            return element
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, **kw):
+        return element
+
+
+class ExpressionElementImpl(_ColumnCoercions, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _literal_coercion(
+        self, element, *, name=None, type_=None, is_crud=False, **kw
+    ):
+        if (
+            element is None
+            and not is_crud
+            and (type_ is None or not type_.should_evaluate_none)
+        ):
+            # TODO: there's no test coverage now for the
+            # "should_evaluate_none" part of this, as outside of "crud" this
+            # codepath is not normally used except in some special cases
+            return elements.Null()
+        else:
+            try:
+                return elements.BindParameter(
+                    name, element, type_, unique=True, _is_crud=is_crud
+                )
+            except exc.ArgumentError as err:
+                self._raise_for_expected(element, err=err)
+
+    def _raise_for_expected(self, element, argname=None, resolved=None, **kw):
+        # select uses implicit coercion with warning instead of raising
+        if isinstance(element, selectable.Values):
+            advice = (
+                "To create a column expression from a VALUES clause, "
+                "use the .scalar_values() method."
+            )
+        elif isinstance(element, roles.AnonymizedFromClauseRole):
+            advice = (
+                "To create a column expression from a FROM clause row "
+                "as a whole, use the .table_valued() method."
+            )
+        else:
+            advice = None
+
+        return super()._raise_for_expected(
+            element, argname=argname, resolved=resolved, advice=advice, **kw
+        )
+
+
+class BinaryElementImpl(ExpressionElementImpl, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _literal_coercion(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        element,
+        *,
+        expr,
+        operator,
+        bindparam_type=None,
+        argname=None,
+        **kw,
+    ):
+        try:
+            return expr._bind_param(operator, element, type_=bindparam_type)
+        except exc.ArgumentError as err:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, err=err)
+
+    def _post_coercion(self, resolved, *, expr, bindparam_type=None, **kw):
+        if resolved.type._isnull and not expr.type._isnull:
+            resolved = resolved._with_binary_element_type(
+                bindparam_type if bindparam_type is not None else expr.type
+            )
+        return resolved
+
+
+class InElementImpl(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if resolved._is_from_clause:
+            if (
+                isinstance(resolved, selectable.Alias)
+                and resolved.element._is_select_base
+            ):
+                self._warn_for_implicit_coercion(resolved)
+                return self._post_coercion(resolved.element, **kw)
+            else:
+                self._warn_for_implicit_coercion(resolved)
+                return self._post_coercion(resolved.select(), **kw)
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+    def _warn_for_implicit_coercion(self, elem):
+        util.warn(
+            "Coercing %s object into a select() for use in IN(); "
+            "please pass a select() construct explicitly"
+            % (elem.__class__.__name__)
+        )
+
+    @util.preload_module("sqlalchemy.sql.elements")
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, *, expr, operator, **kw):
+        if util.is_non_string_iterable(element):
+            non_literal_expressions: Dict[
+                Optional[_ColumnExpressionArgument[Any]],
+                _ColumnExpressionArgument[Any],
+            ] = {}
+            element = list(element)
+            for o in element:
+                if not _is_literal(o):
+                    if not isinstance(
+                        o, util.preloaded.sql_elements.ColumnElement
+                    ) and not hasattr(o, "__clause_element__"):
+                        self._raise_for_expected(element, **kw)
+
+                    else:
+                        non_literal_expressions[o] = o
+
+            if non_literal_expressions:
+                return elements.ClauseList(
+                    *[
+                        (
+                            non_literal_expressions[o]
+                            if o in non_literal_expressions
+                            else expr._bind_param(operator, o)
+                        )
+                        for o in element
+                    ]
+                )
+            else:
+                return expr._bind_param(operator, element, expanding=True)
+
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, **kw)
+
+    def _post_coercion(self, element, *, expr, operator, **kw):
+        if element._is_select_base:
+            # for IN, we are doing scalar_subquery() coercion without
+            # a warning
+            return element.scalar_subquery()
+        elif isinstance(element, elements.ClauseList):
+            assert not len(element.clauses) == 0
+            return element.self_group(against=operator)
+
+        elif isinstance(element, elements.BindParameter):
+            element = element._clone(maintain_key=True)
+            element.expanding = True
+            element.expand_op = operator
+
+            return element
+        elif isinstance(element, selectable.Values):
+            return element.scalar_values()
+        else:
+            return element
+
+
+class OnClauseImpl(_ColumnCoercions, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    _coerce_consts = True
+
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, **kw):
+        self._raise_for_expected(element)
+
+    def _post_coercion(self, resolved, *, original_element=None, **kw):
+        # this is a hack right now as we want to use coercion on an
+        # ORM InstrumentedAttribute, but we want to return the object
+        # itself if it is one, not its clause element.
+        # ORM context _join and _legacy_join() would need to be improved
+        # to look for annotations in a clause element form.
+        if isinstance(original_element, roles.JoinTargetRole):
+            return original_element
+        return resolved
+
+
+class WhereHavingImpl(_CoerceLiterals, _ColumnCoercions, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    _coerce_consts = True
+
+    def _text_coercion(self, element, argname=None):
+        return _no_text_coercion(element, argname)
+
+
+class StatementOptionImpl(_CoerceLiterals, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    _coerce_consts = True
+
+    def _text_coercion(self, element, argname=None):
+        return elements.TextClause(element)
+
+
+class ColumnArgumentImpl(_NoTextCoercion, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+
+class ColumnArgumentOrKeyImpl(_ReturnsStringKey, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+
+class StrAsPlainColumnImpl(_CoerceLiterals, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _text_coercion(self, element, argname=None):
+        return elements.ColumnClause(element)
+
+
+class ByOfImpl(_CoerceLiterals, _ColumnCoercions, RoleImpl, roles.ByOfRole):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    _coerce_consts = True
+
+    def _text_coercion(self, element, argname=None):
+        return elements._textual_label_reference(element)
+
+
+class OrderByImpl(ByOfImpl, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _post_coercion(self, resolved, **kw):
+        if (
+            isinstance(resolved, self._role_class)
+            and resolved._order_by_label_element is not None
+        ):
+            return elements._label_reference(resolved)
+        else:
+            return resolved
+
+
+class GroupByImpl(ByOfImpl, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if is_from_clause(resolved):
+            return elements.ClauseList(*resolved.c)
+        else:
+            return resolved
+
+
+class DMLColumnImpl(_ReturnsStringKey, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _post_coercion(self, element, *, as_key=False, **kw):
+        if as_key:
+            return element.key
+        else:
+            return element
+
+
+class ConstExprImpl(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, *, argname=None, **kw):
+        if element is None:
+            return elements.Null()
+        elif element is False:
+            return elements.False_()
+        elif element is True:
+            return elements.True_()
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname)
+
+
+class TruncatedLabelImpl(_StringOnly, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if isinstance(element, str):
+            return resolved
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, **kw):
+        """coerce the given value to :class:`._truncated_label`.
+
+        Existing :class:`._truncated_label` and
+        :class:`._anonymous_label` objects are passed
+        unchanged.
+        """
+
+        if isinstance(element, elements._truncated_label):
+            return element
+        else:
+            return elements._truncated_label(element)
+
+
+class DDLExpressionImpl(_Deannotate, _CoerceLiterals, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    _coerce_consts = True
+
+    def _text_coercion(self, element, argname=None):
+        # see #5754 for why we can't easily deprecate this coercion.
+        # essentially expressions like postgresql_where would have to be
+        # text() as they come back from reflection and we don't want to
+        # have text() elements wired into the inspection dictionaries.
+        return elements.TextClause(element)
+
+
+class DDLConstraintColumnImpl(_Deannotate, _ReturnsStringKey, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+
+class DDLReferredColumnImpl(DDLConstraintColumnImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+
+class LimitOffsetImpl(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if resolved is None:
+            return None
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+    def _literal_coercion(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self, element, *, name, type_, **kw
+    ):
+        if element is None:
+            return None
+        else:
+            value = util.asint(element)
+            return selectable._OffsetLimitParam(
+                name, value, type_=type_, unique=True
+            )
+
+
+class LabeledColumnExprImpl(ExpressionElementImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if isinstance(resolved, roles.ExpressionElementRole):
+            return resolved.label(None)
+        else:
+            new = super()._implicit_coercions(
+                element, resolved, argname=argname, **kw
+            )
+            if isinstance(new, roles.ExpressionElementRole):
+                return new.label(None)
+            else:
+                self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+
+class ColumnsClauseImpl(_SelectIsNotFrom, _CoerceLiterals, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    _coerce_consts = True
+    _coerce_numerics = True
+    _coerce_star = True
+
+    _guess_straight_column = re.compile(r"^\w\S*$", re.I)
+
+    def _raise_for_expected(
+        self, element, argname=None, resolved=None, *, advice=None, **kw
+    ):
+        if not advice and isinstance(element, list):
+            advice = (
+                f"Did you mean to say select("
+                f"{', '.join(repr(e) for e in element)})?"
+            )
+
+        return super()._raise_for_expected(
+            element, argname=argname, resolved=resolved, advice=advice, **kw
+        )
+
+    def _text_coercion(self, element, argname=None):
+        element = str(element)
+
+        guess_is_literal = not self._guess_straight_column.match(element)
+        raise exc.ArgumentError(
+            "Textual column expression %(column)r %(argname)sshould be "
+            "explicitly declared with text(%(column)r), "
+            "or use %(literal_column)s(%(column)r) "
+            "for more specificity"
+            % {
+                "column": util.ellipses_string(element),
+                "argname": "for argument %s" % (argname,) if argname else "",
+                "literal_column": (
+                    "literal_column" if guess_is_literal else "column"
+                ),
+            }
+        )
+
+
+class ReturnsRowsImpl(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+
+class StatementImpl(_CoerceLiterals, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _post_coercion(
+        self, resolved, *, original_element, argname=None, **kw
+    ):
+        if resolved is not original_element and not isinstance(
+            original_element, str
+        ):
+            # use same method as Connection uses; this will later raise
+            # ObjectNotExecutableError
+            try:
+                original_element._execute_on_connection
+            except AttributeError:
+                util.warn_deprecated(
+                    "Object %r should not be used directly in a SQL statement "
+                    "context, such as passing to methods such as "
+                    "session.execute().  This usage will be disallowed in a "
+                    "future release.  "
+                    "Please use Core select() / update() / delete() etc. "
+                    "with Session.execute() and other statement execution "
+                    "methods." % original_element,
+                    "1.4",
+                )
+
+        return resolved
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if resolved._is_lambda_element:
+            return resolved
+        else:
+            return super()._implicit_coercions(
+                element, resolved, argname=argname, **kw
+            )
+
+
+class SelectStatementImpl(_NoTextCoercion, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if resolved._is_text_clause:
+            return resolved.columns()
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+
+class HasCTEImpl(ReturnsRowsImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+
+class IsCTEImpl(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+
+class JoinTargetImpl(RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    _skip_clauseelement_for_target_match = True
+
+    def _literal_coercion(self, element, *, argname=None, **kw):
+        self._raise_for_expected(element, argname)
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        *,
+        legacy: bool = False,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if isinstance(element, roles.JoinTargetRole):
+            # note that this codepath no longer occurs as of
+            # #6550, unless JoinTargetImpl._skip_clauseelement_for_target_match
+            # were set to False.
+            return element
+        elif legacy and resolved._is_select_base:
+            util.warn_deprecated(
+                "Implicit coercion of SELECT and textual SELECT "
+                "constructs into FROM clauses is deprecated; please call "
+                ".subquery() on any Core select or ORM Query object in "
+                "order to produce a subquery object.",
+                version="1.4",
+            )
+            # TODO: doing _implicit_subquery here causes tests to fail,
+            # how was this working before?  probably that ORM
+            # join logic treated it as a select and subquery would happen
+            # in _ORMJoin->Join
+            return resolved
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+
+class FromClauseImpl(_SelectIsNotFrom, _NoTextCoercion, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        *,
+        explicit_subquery: bool = False,
+        allow_select: bool = True,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if resolved._is_select_base:
+            if explicit_subquery:
+                return resolved.subquery()
+            elif allow_select:
+                util.warn_deprecated(
+                    "Implicit coercion of SELECT and textual SELECT "
+                    "constructs into FROM clauses is deprecated; please call "
+                    ".subquery() on any Core select or ORM Query object in "
+                    "order to produce a subquery object.",
+                    version="1.4",
+                )
+                return resolved._implicit_subquery
+        elif resolved._is_text_clause:
+            return resolved
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+    def _post_coercion(self, element, *, deannotate=False, **kw):
+        if deannotate:
+            return element._deannotate()
+        else:
+            return element
+
+
+class StrictFromClauseImpl(FromClauseImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        *,
+        allow_select: bool = False,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if resolved._is_select_base and allow_select:
+            util.warn_deprecated(
+                "Implicit coercion of SELECT and textual SELECT constructs "
+                "into FROM clauses is deprecated; please call .subquery() "
+                "on any Core select or ORM Query object in order to produce a "
+                "subquery object.",
+                version="1.4",
+            )
+            return resolved._implicit_subquery
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+
+class AnonymizedFromClauseImpl(StrictFromClauseImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _post_coercion(self, element, *, flat=False, name=None, **kw):
+        assert name is None
+
+        return element._anonymous_fromclause(flat=flat)
+
+
+class DMLTableImpl(_SelectIsNotFrom, _NoTextCoercion, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _post_coercion(self, element, **kw):
+        if "dml_table" in element._annotations:
+            return element._annotations["dml_table"]
+        else:
+            return element
+
+
+class DMLSelectImpl(_NoTextCoercion, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _implicit_coercions(
+        self,
+        element: Any,
+        resolved: Any,
+        argname: Optional[str] = None,
+        **kw: Any,
+    ) -> Any:
+        if resolved._is_from_clause:
+            if (
+                isinstance(resolved, selectable.Alias)
+                and resolved.element._is_select_base
+            ):
+                return resolved.element
+            else:
+                return resolved.select()
+        else:
+            self._raise_for_expected(element, argname, resolved)
+
+
+class CompoundElementImpl(_NoTextCoercion, RoleImpl):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def _raise_for_expected(self, element, argname=None, resolved=None, **kw):
+        if isinstance(element, roles.FromClauseRole):
+            if element._is_subquery:
+                advice = (
+                    "Use the plain select() object without "
+                    "calling .subquery() or .alias()."
+                )
+            else:
+                advice = (
+                    "To SELECT from any FROM clause, use the .select() method."
+                )
+        else:
+            advice = None
+        return super()._raise_for_expected(
+            element, argname=argname, resolved=resolved, advice=advice, **kw
+        )
+
+
+_impl_lookup = {}
+
+
+for name in dir(roles):
+    cls = getattr(roles, name)
+    if name.endswith("Role"):
+        name = name.replace("Role", "Impl")
+        if name in globals():
+            impl = globals()[name](cls)
+            _impl_lookup[cls] = impl
+
+if not TYPE_CHECKING:
+    ee_impl = _impl_lookup[roles.ExpressionElementRole]
+
+    for py_type in (int, bool, str, float):
+        _impl_lookup[roles.ExpressionElementRole[py_type]] = ee_impl