two version of R2R are hereHEADmaster

1 files changed, 1301 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/aiohttp/web_urldispatcher.py b/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/aiohttp/web_urldispatcher.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6443c500
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/aiohttp/web_urldispatcher.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1301 @@
+import abc
+import asyncio
+import base64
+import functools
+import hashlib
+import html
+import inspect
+import keyword
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import warnings
+from functools import wraps
+from pathlib import Path
+from types import MappingProxyType
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Awaitable,
+    Callable,
+    Container,
+    Dict,
+    Final,
+    Generator,
+    Iterable,
+    Iterator,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    NoReturn,
+    Optional,
+    Pattern,
+    Set,
+    Sized,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypedDict,
+    Union,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from yarl import URL, __version__ as yarl_version
+
+from . import hdrs
+from .abc import AbstractMatchInfo, AbstractRouter, AbstractView
+from .helpers import DEBUG
+from .http import HttpVersion11
+from .typedefs import Handler, PathLike
+from .web_exceptions import (
+    HTTPException,
+    HTTPExpectationFailed,
+    HTTPForbidden,
+    HTTPMethodNotAllowed,
+    HTTPNotFound,
+)
+from .web_fileresponse import FileResponse
+from .web_request import Request
+from .web_response import Response, StreamResponse
+from .web_routedef import AbstractRouteDef
+
+__all__ = (
+    "UrlDispatcher",
+    "UrlMappingMatchInfo",
+    "AbstractResource",
+    "Resource",
+    "PlainResource",
+    "DynamicResource",
+    "AbstractRoute",
+    "ResourceRoute",
+    "StaticResource",
+    "View",
+)
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .web_app import Application
+
+    BaseDict = Dict[str, str]
+else:
+    BaseDict = dict
+
+CIRCULAR_SYMLINK_ERROR = (
+    (OSError,)
+    if sys.version_info < (3, 10) and sys.platform.startswith("win32")
+    else (RuntimeError,) if sys.version_info < (3, 13) else ()
+)
+
+YARL_VERSION: Final[Tuple[int, ...]] = tuple(map(int, yarl_version.split(".")[:2]))
+
+HTTP_METHOD_RE: Final[Pattern[str]] = re.compile(
+    r"^[0-9A-Za-z!#\$%&'\*\+\-\.\^_`\|~]+$"
+)
+ROUTE_RE: Final[Pattern[str]] = re.compile(
+    r"(\{[_a-zA-Z][^{}]*(?:\{[^{}]*\}[^{}]*)*\})"
+)
+PATH_SEP: Final[str] = re.escape("/")
+
+
+_ExpectHandler = Callable[[Request], Awaitable[Optional[StreamResponse]]]
+_Resolve = Tuple[Optional["UrlMappingMatchInfo"], Set[str]]
+
+html_escape = functools.partial(html.escape, quote=True)
+
+
+class _InfoDict(TypedDict, total=False):
+    path: str
+
+    formatter: str
+    pattern: Pattern[str]
+
+    directory: Path
+    prefix: str
+    routes: Mapping[str, "AbstractRoute"]
+
+    app: "Application"
+
+    domain: str
+
+    rule: "AbstractRuleMatching"
+
+    http_exception: HTTPException
+
+
+class AbstractResource(Sized, Iterable["AbstractRoute"]):
+    def __init__(self, *, name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        self._name = name
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return self._name
+
+    @property
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def canonical(self) -> str:
+        """Exposes the resource's canonical path.
+
+        For example '/foo/bar/{name}'
+
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod  # pragma: no branch
+    def url_for(self, **kwargs: str) -> URL:
+        """Construct url for resource with additional params."""
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod  # pragma: no branch
+    async def resolve(self, request: Request) -> _Resolve:
+        """Resolve resource.
+
+        Return (UrlMappingMatchInfo, allowed_methods) pair.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def add_prefix(self, prefix: str) -> None:
+        """Add a prefix to processed URLs.
+
+        Required for subapplications support.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:
+        """Return a dict with additional info useful for introspection"""
+
+    def freeze(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def raw_match(self, path: str) -> bool:
+        """Perform a raw match against path"""
+
+
+class AbstractRoute(abc.ABC):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        handler: Union[Handler, Type[AbstractView]],
+        *,
+        expect_handler: Optional[_ExpectHandler] = None,
+        resource: Optional[AbstractResource] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+
+        if expect_handler is None:
+            expect_handler = _default_expect_handler
+
+        assert asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(
+            expect_handler
+        ), f"Coroutine is expected, got {expect_handler!r}"
+
+        method = method.upper()
+        if not HTTP_METHOD_RE.match(method):
+            raise ValueError(f"{method} is not allowed HTTP method")
+
+        assert callable(handler), handler
+        if asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(handler):
+            pass
+        elif inspect.isgeneratorfunction(handler):
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Bare generators are deprecated, use @coroutine wrapper",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+        elif isinstance(handler, type) and issubclass(handler, AbstractView):
+            pass
+        else:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Bare functions are deprecated, use async ones", DeprecationWarning
+            )
+
+            @wraps(handler)
+            async def handler_wrapper(request: Request) -> StreamResponse:
+                result = old_handler(request)  # type: ignore[call-arg]
+                if asyncio.iscoroutine(result):
+                    result = await result
+                assert isinstance(result, StreamResponse)
+                return result
+
+            old_handler = handler
+            handler = handler_wrapper
+
+        self._method = method
+        self._handler = handler
+        self._expect_handler = expect_handler
+        self._resource = resource
+
+    @property
+    def method(self) -> str:
+        return self._method
+
+    @property
+    def handler(self) -> Handler:
+        return self._handler
+
+    @property
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def name(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Optional route's name, always equals to resource's name."""
+
+    @property
+    def resource(self) -> Optional[AbstractResource]:
+        return self._resource
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:
+        """Return a dict with additional info useful for introspection"""
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod  # pragma: no branch
+    def url_for(self, *args: str, **kwargs: str) -> URL:
+        """Construct url for route with additional params."""
+
+    async def handle_expect_header(self, request: Request) -> Optional[StreamResponse]:
+        return await self._expect_handler(request)
+
+
+class UrlMappingMatchInfo(BaseDict, AbstractMatchInfo):
+
+    __slots__ = ("_route", "_apps", "_current_app", "_frozen")
+
+    def __init__(self, match_dict: Dict[str, str], route: AbstractRoute) -> None:
+        super().__init__(match_dict)
+        self._route = route
+        self._apps: List[Application] = []
+        self._current_app: Optional[Application] = None
+        self._frozen = False
+
+    @property
+    def handler(self) -> Handler:
+        return self._route.handler
+
+    @property
+    def route(self) -> AbstractRoute:
+        return self._route
+
+    @property
+    def expect_handler(self) -> _ExpectHandler:
+        return self._route.handle_expect_header
+
+    @property
+    def http_exception(self) -> Optional[HTTPException]:
+        return None
+
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:  # type: ignore[override]
+        return self._route.get_info()
+
+    @property
+    def apps(self) -> Tuple["Application", ...]:
+        return tuple(self._apps)
+
+    def add_app(self, app: "Application") -> None:
+        if self._frozen:
+            raise RuntimeError("Cannot change apps stack after .freeze() call")
+        if self._current_app is None:
+            self._current_app = app
+        self._apps.insert(0, app)
+
+    @property
+    def current_app(self) -> "Application":
+        app = self._current_app
+        assert app is not None
+        return app
+
+    @current_app.setter
+    def current_app(self, app: "Application") -> None:
+        if DEBUG:  # pragma: no cover
+            if app not in self._apps:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "Expected one of the following apps {!r}, got {!r}".format(
+                        self._apps, app
+                    )
+                )
+        self._current_app = app
+
+    def freeze(self) -> None:
+        self._frozen = True
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<MatchInfo {super().__repr__()}: {self._route}>"
+
+
+class MatchInfoError(UrlMappingMatchInfo):
+
+    __slots__ = ("_exception",)
+
+    def __init__(self, http_exception: HTTPException) -> None:
+        self._exception = http_exception
+        super().__init__({}, SystemRoute(self._exception))
+
+    @property
+    def http_exception(self) -> HTTPException:
+        return self._exception
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<MatchInfoError {}: {}>".format(
+            self._exception.status, self._exception.reason
+        )
+
+
+async def _default_expect_handler(request: Request) -> None:
+    """Default handler for Expect header.
+
+    Just send "100 Continue" to client.
+    raise HTTPExpectationFailed if value of header is not "100-continue"
+    """
+    expect = request.headers.get(hdrs.EXPECT, "")
+    if request.version == HttpVersion11:
+        if expect.lower() == "100-continue":
+            await request.writer.write(b"HTTP/1.1 100 Continue\r\n\r\n")
+            # Reset output_size as we haven't started the main body yet.
+            request.writer.output_size = 0
+        else:
+            raise HTTPExpectationFailed(text="Unknown Expect: %s" % expect)
+
+
+class Resource(AbstractResource):
+    def __init__(self, *, name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name=name)
+        self._routes: Dict[str, ResourceRoute] = {}
+        self._any_route: Optional[ResourceRoute] = None
+        self._allowed_methods: Set[str] = set()
+
+    def add_route(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        handler: Union[Type[AbstractView], Handler],
+        *,
+        expect_handler: Optional[_ExpectHandler] = None,
+    ) -> "ResourceRoute":
+        if route := self._routes.get(method, self._any_route):
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Added route will never be executed, "
+                f"method {route.method} is already "
+                "registered"
+            )
+
+        route_obj = ResourceRoute(method, handler, self, expect_handler=expect_handler)
+        self.register_route(route_obj)
+        return route_obj
+
+    def register_route(self, route: "ResourceRoute") -> None:
+        assert isinstance(
+            route, ResourceRoute
+        ), f"Instance of Route class is required, got {route!r}"
+        if route.method == hdrs.METH_ANY:
+            self._any_route = route
+        self._allowed_methods.add(route.method)
+        self._routes[route.method] = route
+
+    async def resolve(self, request: Request) -> _Resolve:
+        if (match_dict := self._match(request.rel_url.path_safe)) is None:
+            return None, set()
+        if route := self._routes.get(request.method, self._any_route):
+            return UrlMappingMatchInfo(match_dict, route), self._allowed_methods
+        return None, self._allowed_methods
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def _match(self, path: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, str]]:
+        pass  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._routes)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator["ResourceRoute"]:
+        return iter(self._routes.values())
+
+    # TODO: implement all abstract methods
+
+
+class PlainResource(Resource):
+    def __init__(self, path: str, *, name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name=name)
+        assert not path or path.startswith("/")
+        self._path = path
+
+    @property
+    def canonical(self) -> str:
+        return self._path
+
+    def freeze(self) -> None:
+        if not self._path:
+            self._path = "/"
+
+    def add_prefix(self, prefix: str) -> None:
+        assert prefix.startswith("/")
+        assert not prefix.endswith("/")
+        assert len(prefix) > 1
+        self._path = prefix + self._path
+
+    def _match(self, path: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, str]]:
+        # string comparison is about 10 times faster than regexp matching
+        if self._path == path:
+            return {}
+        return None
+
+    def raw_match(self, path: str) -> bool:
+        return self._path == path
+
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:
+        return {"path": self._path}
+
+    def url_for(self) -> URL:  # type: ignore[override]
+        return URL.build(path=self._path, encoded=True)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        name = "'" + self.name + "' " if self.name is not None else ""
+        return f"<PlainResource {name} {self._path}>"
+
+
+class DynamicResource(Resource):
+
+    DYN = re.compile(r"\{(?P<var>[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*)\}")
+    DYN_WITH_RE = re.compile(r"\{(?P<var>[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*):(?P<re>.+)\}")
+    GOOD = r"[^{}/]+"
+
+    def __init__(self, path: str, *, name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name=name)
+        self._orig_path = path
+        pattern = ""
+        formatter = ""
+        for part in ROUTE_RE.split(path):
+            match = self.DYN.fullmatch(part)
+            if match:
+                pattern += "(?P<{}>{})".format(match.group("var"), self.GOOD)
+                formatter += "{" + match.group("var") + "}"
+                continue
+
+            match = self.DYN_WITH_RE.fullmatch(part)
+            if match:
+                pattern += "(?P<{var}>{re})".format(**match.groupdict())
+                formatter += "{" + match.group("var") + "}"
+                continue
+
+            if "{" in part or "}" in part:
+                raise ValueError(f"Invalid path '{path}'['{part}']")
+
+            part = _requote_path(part)
+            formatter += part
+            pattern += re.escape(part)
+
+        try:
+            compiled = re.compile(pattern)
+        except re.error as exc:
+            raise ValueError(f"Bad pattern '{pattern}': {exc}") from None
+        assert compiled.pattern.startswith(PATH_SEP)
+        assert formatter.startswith("/")
+        self._pattern = compiled
+        self._formatter = formatter
+
+    @property
+    def canonical(self) -> str:
+        return self._formatter
+
+    def add_prefix(self, prefix: str) -> None:
+        assert prefix.startswith("/")
+        assert not prefix.endswith("/")
+        assert len(prefix) > 1
+        self._pattern = re.compile(re.escape(prefix) + self._pattern.pattern)
+        self._formatter = prefix + self._formatter
+
+    def _match(self, path: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, str]]:
+        match = self._pattern.fullmatch(path)
+        if match is None:
+            return None
+        return {
+            key: _unquote_path_safe(value) for key, value in match.groupdict().items()
+        }
+
+    def raw_match(self, path: str) -> bool:
+        return self._orig_path == path
+
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:
+        return {"formatter": self._formatter, "pattern": self._pattern}
+
+    def url_for(self, **parts: str) -> URL:
+        url = self._formatter.format_map({k: _quote_path(v) for k, v in parts.items()})
+        return URL.build(path=url, encoded=True)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        name = "'" + self.name + "' " if self.name is not None else ""
+        return "<DynamicResource {name} {formatter}>".format(
+            name=name, formatter=self._formatter
+        )
+
+
+class PrefixResource(AbstractResource):
+    def __init__(self, prefix: str, *, name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        assert not prefix or prefix.startswith("/"), prefix
+        assert prefix in ("", "/") or not prefix.endswith("/"), prefix
+        super().__init__(name=name)
+        self._prefix = _requote_path(prefix)
+        self._prefix2 = self._prefix + "/"
+
+    @property
+    def canonical(self) -> str:
+        return self._prefix
+
+    def add_prefix(self, prefix: str) -> None:
+        assert prefix.startswith("/")
+        assert not prefix.endswith("/")
+        assert len(prefix) > 1
+        self._prefix = prefix + self._prefix
+        self._prefix2 = self._prefix + "/"
+
+    def raw_match(self, prefix: str) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    # TODO: impl missing abstract methods
+
+
+class StaticResource(PrefixResource):
+    VERSION_KEY = "v"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        prefix: str,
+        directory: PathLike,
+        *,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        expect_handler: Optional[_ExpectHandler] = None,
+        chunk_size: int = 256 * 1024,
+        show_index: bool = False,
+        follow_symlinks: bool = False,
+        append_version: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(prefix, name=name)
+        try:
+            directory = Path(directory).expanduser().resolve(strict=True)
+        except FileNotFoundError as error:
+            raise ValueError(f"'{directory}' does not exist") from error
+        if not directory.is_dir():
+            raise ValueError(f"'{directory}' is not a directory")
+        self._directory = directory
+        self._show_index = show_index
+        self._chunk_size = chunk_size
+        self._follow_symlinks = follow_symlinks
+        self._expect_handler = expect_handler
+        self._append_version = append_version
+
+        self._routes = {
+            "GET": ResourceRoute(
+                "GET", self._handle, self, expect_handler=expect_handler
+            ),
+            "HEAD": ResourceRoute(
+                "HEAD", self._handle, self, expect_handler=expect_handler
+            ),
+        }
+        self._allowed_methods = set(self._routes)
+
+    def url_for(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        *,
+        filename: PathLike,
+        append_version: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> URL:
+        if append_version is None:
+            append_version = self._append_version
+        filename = str(filename).lstrip("/")
+
+        url = URL.build(path=self._prefix, encoded=True)
+        # filename is not encoded
+        if YARL_VERSION < (1, 6):
+            url = url / filename.replace("%", "%25")
+        else:
+            url = url / filename
+
+        if append_version:
+            unresolved_path = self._directory.joinpath(filename)
+            try:
+                if self._follow_symlinks:
+                    normalized_path = Path(os.path.normpath(unresolved_path))
+                    normalized_path.relative_to(self._directory)
+                    filepath = normalized_path.resolve()
+                else:
+                    filepath = unresolved_path.resolve()
+                    filepath.relative_to(self._directory)
+            except (ValueError, FileNotFoundError):
+                # ValueError for case when path point to symlink
+                # with follow_symlinks is False
+                return url  # relatively safe
+            if filepath.is_file():
+                # TODO cache file content
+                # with file watcher for cache invalidation
+                with filepath.open("rb") as f:
+                    file_bytes = f.read()
+                h = self._get_file_hash(file_bytes)
+                url = url.with_query({self.VERSION_KEY: h})
+                return url
+        return url
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_file_hash(byte_array: bytes) -> str:
+        m = hashlib.sha256()  # todo sha256 can be configurable param
+        m.update(byte_array)
+        b64 = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(m.digest())
+        return b64.decode("ascii")
+
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:
+        return {
+            "directory": self._directory,
+            "prefix": self._prefix,
+            "routes": self._routes,
+        }
+
+    def set_options_route(self, handler: Handler) -> None:
+        if "OPTIONS" in self._routes:
+            raise RuntimeError("OPTIONS route was set already")
+        self._routes["OPTIONS"] = ResourceRoute(
+            "OPTIONS", handler, self, expect_handler=self._expect_handler
+        )
+        self._allowed_methods.add("OPTIONS")
+
+    async def resolve(self, request: Request) -> _Resolve:
+        path = request.rel_url.path_safe
+        method = request.method
+        if not path.startswith(self._prefix2) and path != self._prefix:
+            return None, set()
+
+        allowed_methods = self._allowed_methods
+        if method not in allowed_methods:
+            return None, allowed_methods
+
+        match_dict = {"filename": _unquote_path_safe(path[len(self._prefix) + 1 :])}
+        return (UrlMappingMatchInfo(match_dict, self._routes[method]), allowed_methods)
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._routes)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[AbstractRoute]:
+        return iter(self._routes.values())
+
+    async def _handle(self, request: Request) -> StreamResponse:
+        rel_url = request.match_info["filename"]
+        filename = Path(rel_url)
+        if filename.anchor:
+            # rel_url is an absolute name like
+            # /static/\\machine_name\c$ or /static/D:\path
+            # where the static dir is totally different
+            raise HTTPForbidden()
+
+        unresolved_path = self._directory.joinpath(filename)
+        loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+        return await loop.run_in_executor(
+            None, self._resolve_path_to_response, unresolved_path
+        )
+
+    def _resolve_path_to_response(self, unresolved_path: Path) -> StreamResponse:
+        """Take the unresolved path and query the file system to form a response."""
+        # Check for access outside the root directory. For follow symlinks, URI
+        # cannot traverse out, but symlinks can. Otherwise, no access outside
+        # root is permitted.
+        try:
+            if self._follow_symlinks:
+                normalized_path = Path(os.path.normpath(unresolved_path))
+                normalized_path.relative_to(self._directory)
+                file_path = normalized_path.resolve()
+            else:
+                file_path = unresolved_path.resolve()
+                file_path.relative_to(self._directory)
+        except (ValueError, *CIRCULAR_SYMLINK_ERROR) as error:
+            # ValueError is raised for the relative check. Circular symlinks
+            # raise here on resolving for python < 3.13.
+            raise HTTPNotFound() from error
+
+        # if path is a directory, return the contents if permitted. Note the
+        # directory check will raise if a segment is not readable.
+        try:
+            if file_path.is_dir():
+                if self._show_index:
+                    return Response(
+                        text=self._directory_as_html(file_path),
+                        content_type="text/html",
+                    )
+                else:
+                    raise HTTPForbidden()
+        except PermissionError as error:
+            raise HTTPForbidden() from error
+
+        # Return the file response, which handles all other checks.
+        return FileResponse(file_path, chunk_size=self._chunk_size)
+
+    def _directory_as_html(self, dir_path: Path) -> str:
+        """returns directory's index as html."""
+        assert dir_path.is_dir()
+
+        relative_path_to_dir = dir_path.relative_to(self._directory).as_posix()
+        index_of = f"Index of /{html_escape(relative_path_to_dir)}"
+        h1 = f"<h1>{index_of}</h1>"
+
+        index_list = []
+        dir_index = dir_path.iterdir()
+        for _file in sorted(dir_index):
+            # show file url as relative to static path
+            rel_path = _file.relative_to(self._directory).as_posix()
+            quoted_file_url = _quote_path(f"{self._prefix}/{rel_path}")
+
+            # if file is a directory, add '/' to the end of the name
+            if _file.is_dir():
+                file_name = f"{_file.name}/"
+            else:
+                file_name = _file.name
+
+            index_list.append(
+                f'<li><a href="{quoted_file_url}">{html_escape(file_name)}</a></li>'
+            )
+        ul = "<ul>\n{}\n</ul>".format("\n".join(index_list))
+        body = f"<body>\n{h1}\n{ul}\n</body>"
+
+        head_str = f"<head>\n<title>{index_of}</title>\n</head>"
+        html = f"<html>\n{head_str}\n{body}\n</html>"
+
+        return html
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        name = "'" + self.name + "'" if self.name is not None else ""
+        return "<StaticResource {name} {path} -> {directory!r}>".format(
+            name=name, path=self._prefix, directory=self._directory
+        )
+
+
+class PrefixedSubAppResource(PrefixResource):
+    def __init__(self, prefix: str, app: "Application") -> None:
+        super().__init__(prefix)
+        self._app = app
+        self._add_prefix_to_resources(prefix)
+
+    def add_prefix(self, prefix: str) -> None:
+        super().add_prefix(prefix)
+        self._add_prefix_to_resources(prefix)
+
+    def _add_prefix_to_resources(self, prefix: str) -> None:
+        router = self._app.router
+        for resource in router.resources():
+            # Since the canonical path of a resource is about
+            # to change, we need to unindex it and then reindex
+            router.unindex_resource(resource)
+            resource.add_prefix(prefix)
+            router.index_resource(resource)
+
+    def url_for(self, *args: str, **kwargs: str) -> URL:
+        raise RuntimeError(".url_for() is not supported by sub-application root")
+
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:
+        return {"app": self._app, "prefix": self._prefix}
+
+    async def resolve(self, request: Request) -> _Resolve:
+        match_info = await self._app.router.resolve(request)
+        match_info.add_app(self._app)
+        if isinstance(match_info.http_exception, HTTPMethodNotAllowed):
+            methods = match_info.http_exception.allowed_methods
+        else:
+            methods = set()
+        return match_info, methods
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._app.router.routes())
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[AbstractRoute]:
+        return iter(self._app.router.routes())
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<PrefixedSubAppResource {prefix} -> {app!r}>".format(
+            prefix=self._prefix, app=self._app
+        )
+
+
+class AbstractRuleMatching(abc.ABC):
+    @abc.abstractmethod  # pragma: no branch
+    async def match(self, request: Request) -> bool:
+        """Return bool if the request satisfies the criteria"""
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod  # pragma: no branch
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:
+        """Return a dict with additional info useful for introspection"""
+
+    @property
+    @abc.abstractmethod  # pragma: no branch
+    def canonical(self) -> str:
+        """Return a str"""
+
+
+class Domain(AbstractRuleMatching):
+    re_part = re.compile(r"(?!-)[a-z\d-]{1,63}(?<!-)")
+
+    def __init__(self, domain: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self._domain = self.validation(domain)
+
+    @property
+    def canonical(self) -> str:
+        return self._domain
+
+    def validation(self, domain: str) -> str:
+        if not isinstance(domain, str):
+            raise TypeError("Domain must be str")
+        domain = domain.rstrip(".").lower()
+        if not domain:
+            raise ValueError("Domain cannot be empty")
+        elif "://" in domain:
+            raise ValueError("Scheme not supported")
+        url = URL("http://" + domain)
+        assert url.raw_host is not None
+        if not all(self.re_part.fullmatch(x) for x in url.raw_host.split(".")):
+            raise ValueError("Domain not valid")
+        if url.port == 80:
+            return url.raw_host
+        return f"{url.raw_host}:{url.port}"
+
+    async def match(self, request: Request) -> bool:
+        host = request.headers.get(hdrs.HOST)
+        if not host:
+            return False
+        return self.match_domain(host)
+
+    def match_domain(self, host: str) -> bool:
+        return host.lower() == self._domain
+
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:
+        return {"domain": self._domain}
+
+
+class MaskDomain(Domain):
+    re_part = re.compile(r"(?!-)[a-z\d\*-]{1,63}(?<!-)")
+
+    def __init__(self, domain: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(domain)
+        mask = self._domain.replace(".", r"\.").replace("*", ".*")
+        self._mask = re.compile(mask)
+
+    @property
+    def canonical(self) -> str:
+        return self._mask.pattern
+
+    def match_domain(self, host: str) -> bool:
+        return self._mask.fullmatch(host) is not None
+
+
+class MatchedSubAppResource(PrefixedSubAppResource):
+    def __init__(self, rule: AbstractRuleMatching, app: "Application") -> None:
+        AbstractResource.__init__(self)
+        self._prefix = ""
+        self._app = app
+        self._rule = rule
+
+    @property
+    def canonical(self) -> str:
+        return self._rule.canonical
+
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:
+        return {"app": self._app, "rule": self._rule}
+
+    async def resolve(self, request: Request) -> _Resolve:
+        if not await self._rule.match(request):
+            return None, set()
+        match_info = await self._app.router.resolve(request)
+        match_info.add_app(self._app)
+        if isinstance(match_info.http_exception, HTTPMethodNotAllowed):
+            methods = match_info.http_exception.allowed_methods
+        else:
+            methods = set()
+        return match_info, methods
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<MatchedSubAppResource -> {self._app!r}>"
+
+
+class ResourceRoute(AbstractRoute):
+    """A route with resource"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        handler: Union[Handler, Type[AbstractView]],
+        resource: AbstractResource,
+        *,
+        expect_handler: Optional[_ExpectHandler] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            method, handler, expect_handler=expect_handler, resource=resource
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<ResourceRoute [{method}] {resource} -> {handler!r}".format(
+            method=self.method, resource=self._resource, handler=self.handler
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        if self._resource is None:
+            return None
+        return self._resource.name
+
+    def url_for(self, *args: str, **kwargs: str) -> URL:
+        """Construct url for route with additional params."""
+        assert self._resource is not None
+        return self._resource.url_for(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:
+        assert self._resource is not None
+        return self._resource.get_info()
+
+
+class SystemRoute(AbstractRoute):
+    def __init__(self, http_exception: HTTPException) -> None:
+        super().__init__(hdrs.METH_ANY, self._handle)
+        self._http_exception = http_exception
+
+    def url_for(self, *args: str, **kwargs: str) -> URL:
+        raise RuntimeError(".url_for() is not allowed for SystemRoute")
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        return None
+
+    def get_info(self) -> _InfoDict:
+        return {"http_exception": self._http_exception}
+
+    async def _handle(self, request: Request) -> StreamResponse:
+        raise self._http_exception
+
+    @property
+    def status(self) -> int:
+        return self._http_exception.status
+
+    @property
+    def reason(self) -> str:
+        return self._http_exception.reason
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<SystemRoute {self.status}: {self.reason}>".format(self=self)
+
+
+class View(AbstractView):
+    async def _iter(self) -> StreamResponse:
+        if self.request.method not in hdrs.METH_ALL:
+            self._raise_allowed_methods()
+        method: Optional[Callable[[], Awaitable[StreamResponse]]]
+        method = getattr(self, self.request.method.lower(), None)
+        if method is None:
+            self._raise_allowed_methods()
+        ret = await method()
+        assert isinstance(ret, StreamResponse)
+        return ret
+
+    def __await__(self) -> Generator[Any, None, StreamResponse]:
+        return self._iter().__await__()
+
+    def _raise_allowed_methods(self) -> NoReturn:
+        allowed_methods = {m for m in hdrs.METH_ALL if hasattr(self, m.lower())}
+        raise HTTPMethodNotAllowed(self.request.method, allowed_methods)
+
+
+class ResourcesView(Sized, Iterable[AbstractResource], Container[AbstractResource]):
+    def __init__(self, resources: List[AbstractResource]) -> None:
+        self._resources = resources
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._resources)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[AbstractResource]:
+        yield from self._resources
+
+    def __contains__(self, resource: object) -> bool:
+        return resource in self._resources
+
+
+class RoutesView(Sized, Iterable[AbstractRoute], Container[AbstractRoute]):
+    def __init__(self, resources: List[AbstractResource]):
+        self._routes: List[AbstractRoute] = []
+        for resource in resources:
+            for route in resource:
+                self._routes.append(route)
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._routes)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[AbstractRoute]:
+        yield from self._routes
+
+    def __contains__(self, route: object) -> bool:
+        return route in self._routes
+
+
+class UrlDispatcher(AbstractRouter, Mapping[str, AbstractResource]):
+
+    NAME_SPLIT_RE = re.compile(r"[.:-]")
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self._resources: List[AbstractResource] = []
+        self._named_resources: Dict[str, AbstractResource] = {}
+        self._resource_index: dict[str, list[AbstractResource]] = {}
+        self._matched_sub_app_resources: List[MatchedSubAppResource] = []
+
+    async def resolve(self, request: Request) -> UrlMappingMatchInfo:
+        resource_index = self._resource_index
+        allowed_methods: Set[str] = set()
+
+        # Walk the url parts looking for candidates. We walk the url backwards
+        # to ensure the most explicit match is found first. If there are multiple
+        # candidates for a given url part because there are multiple resources
+        # registered for the same canonical path, we resolve them in a linear
+        # fashion to ensure registration order is respected.
+        url_part = request.rel_url.path_safe
+        while url_part:
+            for candidate in resource_index.get(url_part, ()):
+                match_dict, allowed = await candidate.resolve(request)
+                if match_dict is not None:
+                    return match_dict
+                else:
+                    allowed_methods |= allowed
+            if url_part == "/":
+                break
+            url_part = url_part.rpartition("/")[0] or "/"
+
+        #
+        # We didn't find any candidates, so we'll try the matched sub-app
+        # resources which we have to walk in a linear fashion because they
+        # have regex/wildcard match rules and we cannot index them.
+        #
+        # For most cases we do not expect there to be many of these since
+        # currently they are only added by `add_domain`
+        #
+        for resource in self._matched_sub_app_resources:
+            match_dict, allowed = await resource.resolve(request)
+            if match_dict is not None:
+                return match_dict
+            else:
+                allowed_methods |= allowed
+
+        if allowed_methods:
+            return MatchInfoError(HTTPMethodNotAllowed(request.method, allowed_methods))
+
+        return MatchInfoError(HTTPNotFound())
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
+        return iter(self._named_resources)
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self._named_resources)
+
+    def __contains__(self, resource: object) -> bool:
+        return resource in self._named_resources
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name: str) -> AbstractResource:
+        return self._named_resources[name]
+
+    def resources(self) -> ResourcesView:
+        return ResourcesView(self._resources)
+
+    def routes(self) -> RoutesView:
+        return RoutesView(self._resources)
+
+    def named_resources(self) -> Mapping[str, AbstractResource]:
+        return MappingProxyType(self._named_resources)
+
+    def register_resource(self, resource: AbstractResource) -> None:
+        assert isinstance(
+            resource, AbstractResource
+        ), f"Instance of AbstractResource class is required, got {resource!r}"
+        if self.frozen:
+            raise RuntimeError("Cannot register a resource into frozen router.")
+
+        name = resource.name
+
+        if name is not None:
+            parts = self.NAME_SPLIT_RE.split(name)
+            for part in parts:
+                if keyword.iskeyword(part):
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        f"Incorrect route name {name!r}, "
+                        "python keywords cannot be used "
+                        "for route name"
+                    )
+                if not part.isidentifier():
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        "Incorrect route name {!r}, "
+                        "the name should be a sequence of "
+                        "python identifiers separated "
+                        "by dash, dot or column".format(name)
+                    )
+            if name in self._named_resources:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Duplicate {!r}, "
+                    "already handled by {!r}".format(name, self._named_resources[name])
+                )
+            self._named_resources[name] = resource
+        self._resources.append(resource)
+
+        if isinstance(resource, MatchedSubAppResource):
+            # We cannot index match sub-app resources because they have match rules
+            self._matched_sub_app_resources.append(resource)
+        else:
+            self.index_resource(resource)
+
+    def _get_resource_index_key(self, resource: AbstractResource) -> str:
+        """Return a key to index the resource in the resource index."""
+        if "{" in (index_key := resource.canonical):
+            # strip at the first { to allow for variables, and than
+            # rpartition at / to allow for variable parts in the path
+            # For example if the canonical path is `/core/locations{tail:.*}`
+            # the index key will be `/core` since index is based on the
+            # url parts split by `/`
+            index_key = index_key.partition("{")[0].rpartition("/")[0]
+        return index_key.rstrip("/") or "/"
+
+    def index_resource(self, resource: AbstractResource) -> None:
+        """Add a resource to the resource index."""
+        resource_key = self._get_resource_index_key(resource)
+        # There may be multiple resources for a canonical path
+        # so we keep them in a list to ensure that registration
+        # order is respected.
+        self._resource_index.setdefault(resource_key, []).append(resource)
+
+    def unindex_resource(self, resource: AbstractResource) -> None:
+        """Remove a resource from the resource index."""
+        resource_key = self._get_resource_index_key(resource)
+        self._resource_index[resource_key].remove(resource)
+
+    def add_resource(self, path: str, *, name: Optional[str] = None) -> Resource:
+        if path and not path.startswith("/"):
+            raise ValueError("path should be started with / or be empty")
+        # Reuse last added resource if path and name are the same
+        if self._resources:
+            resource = self._resources[-1]
+            if resource.name == name and resource.raw_match(path):
+                return cast(Resource, resource)
+        if not ("{" in path or "}" in path or ROUTE_RE.search(path)):
+            resource = PlainResource(path, name=name)
+            self.register_resource(resource)
+            return resource
+        resource = DynamicResource(path, name=name)
+        self.register_resource(resource)
+        return resource
+
+    def add_route(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        path: str,
+        handler: Union[Handler, Type[AbstractView]],
+        *,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        expect_handler: Optional[_ExpectHandler] = None,
+    ) -> AbstractRoute:
+        resource = self.add_resource(path, name=name)
+        return resource.add_route(method, handler, expect_handler=expect_handler)
+
+    def add_static(
+        self,
+        prefix: str,
+        path: PathLike,
+        *,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        expect_handler: Optional[_ExpectHandler] = None,
+        chunk_size: int = 256 * 1024,
+        show_index: bool = False,
+        follow_symlinks: bool = False,
+        append_version: bool = False,
+    ) -> AbstractResource:
+        """Add static files view.
+
+        prefix - url prefix
+        path - folder with files
+
+        """
+        assert prefix.startswith("/")
+        if prefix.endswith("/"):
+            prefix = prefix[:-1]
+        resource = StaticResource(
+            prefix,
+            path,
+            name=name,
+            expect_handler=expect_handler,
+            chunk_size=chunk_size,
+            show_index=show_index,
+            follow_symlinks=follow_symlinks,
+            append_version=append_version,
+        )
+        self.register_resource(resource)
+        return resource
+
+    def add_head(self, path: str, handler: Handler, **kwargs: Any) -> AbstractRoute:
+        """Shortcut for add_route with method HEAD."""
+        return self.add_route(hdrs.METH_HEAD, path, handler, **kwargs)
+
+    def add_options(self, path: str, handler: Handler, **kwargs: Any) -> AbstractRoute:
+        """Shortcut for add_route with method OPTIONS."""
+        return self.add_route(hdrs.METH_OPTIONS, path, handler, **kwargs)
+
+    def add_get(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        handler: Handler,
+        *,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        allow_head: bool = True,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> AbstractRoute:
+        """Shortcut for add_route with method GET.
+
+        If allow_head is true, another
+        route is added allowing head requests to the same endpoint.
+        """
+        resource = self.add_resource(path, name=name)
+        if allow_head:
+            resource.add_route(hdrs.METH_HEAD, handler, **kwargs)
+        return resource.add_route(hdrs.METH_GET, handler, **kwargs)
+
+    def add_post(self, path: str, handler: Handler, **kwargs: Any) -> AbstractRoute:
+        """Shortcut for add_route with method POST."""
+        return self.add_route(hdrs.METH_POST, path, handler, **kwargs)
+
+    def add_put(self, path: str, handler: Handler, **kwargs: Any) -> AbstractRoute:
+        """Shortcut for add_route with method PUT."""
+        return self.add_route(hdrs.METH_PUT, path, handler, **kwargs)
+
+    def add_patch(self, path: str, handler: Handler, **kwargs: Any) -> AbstractRoute:
+        """Shortcut for add_route with method PATCH."""
+        return self.add_route(hdrs.METH_PATCH, path, handler, **kwargs)
+
+    def add_delete(self, path: str, handler: Handler, **kwargs: Any) -> AbstractRoute:
+        """Shortcut for add_route with method DELETE."""
+        return self.add_route(hdrs.METH_DELETE, path, handler, **kwargs)
+
+    def add_view(
+        self, path: str, handler: Type[AbstractView], **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> AbstractRoute:
+        """Shortcut for add_route with ANY methods for a class-based view."""
+        return self.add_route(hdrs.METH_ANY, path, handler, **kwargs)
+
+    def freeze(self) -> None:
+        super().freeze()
+        for resource in self._resources:
+            resource.freeze()
+
+    def add_routes(self, routes: Iterable[AbstractRouteDef]) -> List[AbstractRoute]:
+        """Append routes to route table.
+
+        Parameter should be a sequence of RouteDef objects.
+
+        Returns a list of registered AbstractRoute instances.
+        """
+        registered_routes = []
+        for route_def in routes:
+            registered_routes.extend(route_def.register(self))
+        return registered_routes
+
+
+def _quote_path(value: str) -> str:
+    if YARL_VERSION < (1, 6):
+        value = value.replace("%", "%25")
+    return URL.build(path=value, encoded=False).raw_path
+
+
+def _unquote_path_safe(value: str) -> str:
+    if "%" not in value:
+        return value
+    return value.replace("%2F", "/").replace("%25", "%")
+
+
+def _requote_path(value: str) -> str:
+    # Quote non-ascii characters and other characters which must be quoted,
+    # but preserve existing %-sequences.
+    result = _quote_path(value)
+    if "%" in value:
+        result = result.replace("%25", "%")
+    return result