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+<meta name=ProgId content=PowerPoint.Slide>
+<meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Macintosh PowerPoint 10">
+<link id=Main-File rel=Main-File href="WebQTLDemo.htm">
+<title>PowerPoint Presentation  -  Complex trait analysis, develop-ment, and
+genomics</title>
+<link title="Presentation File" type="application/powerpoint" rel=alternate
+href=WebQTLDemo.ppt>
+<script>
+if ( ! top.PPTPRESENTATION ) {
+	window.location.replace( "endshow.htm" );
+}
+</script>
+<meta name=Description content=Jun-19-03>
+<link rel=Stylesheet href="master03_stylesheet.css">
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+</head>
+<body style='margin:0px;background-color:black' onclick="DocumentOnClick(event)"
+onresize="_RSW()" onkeypress="_KPH(event)">
+<div id=SlideObj class=sld style='position:absolute;top:0px;left:0px;
+width:755px;height:566px;font-size:16px;background-color:#484848;clip:rect(0%, 101%, 101%, 0%);
+visibility:hidden'><img src="master03_background.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026"
+style='position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:100.0%'><img
+border=0 src="slide0017_image074.gif" style='position:absolute;top:40.45%;
+left:73.24%;width:14.56%;height:5.3%'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:40.81%;left:74.56%;width:11.92%;
+height:7.24%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:"&#1; 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:60.97%'><span
+style='font-family:Gadget;font-size:150%;color:white'>aa<br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:"&#1; 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:41.46%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:60.97%'><span
+style='font-family:Gadget;font-size:150%;color:white;mso-special-format:lastCR;
+display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+<img border=0 src="slide0017_image075.gif" style='position:absolute;top:16.6%;
+left:73.24%;width:14.56%;height:5.3%'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:16.96%;left:74.56%;width:11.92%;
+height:7.24%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:"&#1; 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:60.97%'><span
+style='font-family:Gadget;font-size:150%;color:white'>aaaa<br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:"&#1; 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:41.46%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:60.97%'><span
+style='font-family:Gadget;font-size:150%;color:white;mso-special-format:lastCR;
+display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:20.31%;left:71.65%;width:25.96%;height:19.78%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=2, OffY=2)'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:9.82%;left:5.1%;width:95.4%;
+height:83.03%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:45.16%'><span
+style='font-size:267%;color:#E2EBF0'>D2 strain</span><span style='font-family:
+Palatino;font-size:333%;color:#FBFDB8;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:49.46%;left:0%;width:88.77%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:333%;color:#FBFDB8;mso-special-format:
+lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:43.81%;left:71.65%;width:25.56%;height:19.78%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=2, OffY=2)'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:10.71%;left:5.18%;width:94.81%;
+height:83.03%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:45.16%'><span
+style='font-size:267%;color:#F6BF69'>B6 strain</span><span style='font-family:
+Palatino;font-size:333%;color:#F6BF69;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:48.38%;left:0%;width:87.43%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:333%;color:#F6BF69;mso-special-format:
+lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<img border=0 src="slide0017_image076.gif" style='position:absolute;top:17.31%;
+left:31.25%;width:1.32%;height:42.22%'><img border=0
+src="slide0017_image077.gif" style='position:absolute;top:40.63%;left:31.39%;
+width:39.86%;height:3.53%'>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:17.13%;left:40.0%;width:30.59%;height:31.44%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=2, OffY=2)'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:11.23%;left:4.32%;width:90.9%;
+height:83.7%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:61.74%'><span
+style='position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%'><span style='font-size:
+233%;color:#E9EB5D'><i>amount of </i></span></span><span style='position:absolute;
+top:59.78%;left:0%;width:100.0%'><span style='font-size:233%;color:#E9EB5D'><i>transcript</i></span><span
+style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:367%;color:#E9EB5D;display:none'><br>
+</span></span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:65.77%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:34.89%'><span
+style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:367%;color:#E9EB5D;mso-special-format:
+lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:6.0%;left:72.45%;width:21.32%;height:19.78%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=2, OffY=2)'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:9.82%;left:6.21%;width:87.57%;
+height:83.03%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:45.16%'><span
+style='font-size:267%;color:white'>4 </span><span style='font-size:233%;
+color:white'>units</span><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:333%;
+color:#E9EB5D;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:49.46%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:333%;color:#E9EB5D;mso-special-format:
+lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:29.5%;left:72.45%;width:21.32%;height:19.78%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=2, OffY=2)'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:10.71%;left:6.21%;width:87.57%;
+height:83.03%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:45.16%'><span
+style='font-size:267%;color:white'>2</span><span style='font-size:233%;
+color:white'> units</span><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:333%;
+color:#E9EB5D;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:48.38%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:333%;color:#E9EB5D;mso-special-format:
+lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<img border=0 src="slide0017_image078.gif" style='position:absolute;top:15.72%;
+left:31.25%;width:40.26%;height:5.47%'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:17.84%;left:9.93%;width:4.76%;
+height:16.43%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#E2EBF0'>D<br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:49.46%;left:0%;width:83.33%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#E2EBF0;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:17.84%;left:17.88%;width:4.23%;
+height:16.43%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#F6BF69'>B<br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:49.46%;left:0%;width:84.37%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#F6BF69;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:77.73%;left:5.43%;width:104.37%;height:26.32%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=1, OffY=1)'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:8.72%;left:1.26%;width:98.73%;
+height:87.24%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:62.3%'><span
+style='position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%'><span style='font-size:
+233%;color:#E2EBF0'>D</span><span style='font-size:233%;color:#E9EB5D'> </span><span
+style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D'>and </span><span style='font-size:233%;
+color:#F6BF69'>B</span><span style='font-size:233%;color:#E9EB5D'> </span><span
+style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D'>may be SNP-like variants in the promoter </span></span><span
+style='position:absolute;top:61.72%;left:0%;width:97.55%'><span
+style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D'>itself (cis QTL) or in </span><span
+style='font-size:200%;color:#EAEC5E'>upstream genes (trans QTLs)</span><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#E9EB5D;display:none'><br>
+</span></span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:63.84%;left:0%;width:86.88%;height:36.15%'><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#E9EB5D;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:7.59%;left:4.23%;width:22.78%;
+height:16.25%'>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:1.74%;width:97.09%;
+height:33.69%'><span style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D'>UPSTREAM<br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:32.6%;left:0%;width:100.0%;
+height:33.69%'><span style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D'>modulators<br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:66.3%;left:4.65%;width:90.69%;
+height:33.69%'><span style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D;mso-special-format:
+lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:7.59%;left:44.5%;width:17.21%;height:18.19%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=2, OffY=2)'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:3.88%;left:6.92%;width:83.84%;
+height:90.29%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#E2EBF0'>High<br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:16;mso-text-indent-alt:
+16;position:absolute;top:49.46%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#E2EBF0;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:63.78%;left:8.74%;width:6.62%;height:18.19%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=1, OffY=1)'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:3.88%;left:20.0%;width:72.0%;
+height:90.29%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#E2EBF0'>D<br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:49.46%;left:0%;width:83.33%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#E2EBF0;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:63.78%;left:15.09%;width:6.22%;height:18.19%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=1, OffY=1)'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:3.88%;left:19.14%;width:68.08%;
+height:90.29%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#F6BF69'>B<br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:49.46%;left:0%;width:84.37%;height:50.53%'><span
+style='font-size:300%;color:#F6BF69;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:71.02%;left:7.54%;width:16.02%;height:12.72%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=1, OffY=1)'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:5.55%;left:7.43%;width:91.73%;
+height:86.11%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:50.0%'><span
+style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D'><i>cis QTL</i></span><span
+style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:48.38%;left:0%;width:82.88%;height:50.0%'><span
+style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<img border=0 src="slide0017_image079.gif" style='position:absolute;top:57.24%;
+left:-1.05%;width:101.98%;height:7.59%'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:44.16%;left:47.15%;width:9.4%;
+height:12.72%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:51.38%'><span
+style='font-size:233%;color:#F6BF69'>Low<br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:50.0%;left:0%;width:83.09%;height:51.38%'><span
+style='font-size:233%;color:#F6BF69;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:58.12%;left:.79%;width:114.56%;height:6.53%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=1, OffY=1)'>
+<div class=O style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:10.81%;left:1.15%;width:98.84%;height:72.97%'><span
+style='font-family:Gadget;font-size:167%;color:white'>&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;PROMOTER--ATG-Exon1-Intron1-Exon2-Intron2
+- etc-3'UTR &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;</span></div>
+</div>
+<img border=0 src="slide0017_image080.gif" style='position:absolute;top:37.98%;
+left:8.6%;width:13.77%;height:20.67%'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:39.75%;left:10.06%;width:3.57%;
+height:12.01%'>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;
+height:48.52%'><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:233%;color:white'><b>&#4;<br>
+</b></span></div>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:52.94%;left:7.4%;width:85.18%;
+height:48.52%'><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:233%;color:white;
+mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><b><br>
+</b></span></div>
+</div>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:40.1%;left:17.48%;width:3.57%;
+height:12.01%'>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;
+height:48.52%'><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:233%;color:white'><b>&#4;<br>
+</b></span></div>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:51.47%;left:7.4%;width:85.18%;
+height:48.52%'><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:233%;color:white;
+mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><b><br>
+</b></span></div>
+</div>
+<img border=0 src="slide0017_image081.gif" style='position:absolute;top:33.74%;
+left:8.6%;width:13.77%;height:20.67%'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:35.86%;left:17.48%;width:3.57%;
+height:12.01%'>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;
+height:48.52%'><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:233%;color:white'><b>&#4;<br>
+</b></span></div>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:51.47%;left:7.4%;width:85.18%;
+height:48.52%'><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:233%;color:white;
+mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><b><br>
+</b></span></div>
+</div>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:35.51%;left:10.06%;width:3.57%;
+height:12.01%'>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;
+height:48.52%'><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:233%;color:white'><b>&#4;<br>
+</b></span></div>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:51.47%;left:7.4%;width:85.18%;
+height:48.52%'><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:233%;color:white;
+mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><b><br>
+</b></span></div>
+</div>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:37.8%;left:20.66%;width:.13%;
+height:12.01%'>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;
+height:48.52%'><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:233%;color:white;
+display:none'><b><br>
+</b></span></div>
+<div style='text-align:center;mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;
+mso-text-indent-alt:17;position:absolute;top:51.47%;left:0%;width:100.0%;
+height:48.52%'><span style='font-family:Palatino;font-size:233%;color:white;
+mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><b><br>
+</b></span></div>
+</div>
+<img border=0 src="slide0017_image082.gif" style='position:absolute;top:27.38%;
+left:4.9%;width:21.45%;height:21.37%'>
+<div style='position:absolute;top:27.38%;left:5.03%;width:21.05%;height:12.72%;
+filter:DropShadow(Color=#000000, OffX=1, OffY=1)'>
+<div class=O style='position:absolute;top:5.55%;left:6.28%;width:93.71%;
+height:86.11%'>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:0%;left:0%;width:100.0%;height:50.0%'><span
+style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D'><i>trans QTL</i></span><span
+style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+<div style='mso-line-spacing:" 0 0";mso-margin-left-alt:17;mso-text-indent-alt:
+17;position:absolute;top:48.38%;left:0%;width:83.22%;height:50.0%'><span
+style='font-size:200%;color:#E9EB5D;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'><br>
+</span></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id=NotesObj style='display:none'>
+<table style='color:white' border=0 width="100%">
+ <tr>
+  <td width=5 nowrap></td>
+  <td width="100%"></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+  <td colspan=1></td>
+  <td align=left colspan=1><font face=Helvetica size=3>This slide is
+  illustrates two categories of QTLs that modulate variability in transcript
+  abundance.</font><br>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+  <td colspan=1></td>
+  <td align=left colspan=1><br>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+  <td colspan=1></td>
+  <td align=left colspan=1><font face=Helvetica size=3>1. cis QTLs are defined
+  as QTLs that are closely linked to the gene whose transcript is the measured
+  trait. For example, a polymorphism in the promoter that affects the binding
+  of a transcription factor. However, cis QTLs can be far upstream or downstream
+  polymorphisms in enhancers. They may also be polymorphisms in neigghboring
+  genes.</font><br>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+  <td colspan=1></td>
+  <td align=left colspan=1><br>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+  <td colspan=1></td>
+  <td align=left colspan=1><font face=Helvetica size=3>2. trans QTLs map far
+  enough away from the location of the gene that gives rise to the transcript
+  that is being measured so that we can be quite certain that the QTL is not IN
+  the gene itself. The most blatant type of trans-QTL would be a polymorphism
+  in a transcription factor. BUT in the majority of cases, the trans QTLs can
+  be far removed in a mechanistic sense from the actual events modulating
+  transcript abundance. That is why there are three overlappoing arrows above.<span
+  style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>The way in which an upstream
+  polymorphism influences a downstream difference in mRNA abundance can be very
+  indirect. Effects can :</font><br>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+  <td colspan=1></td>
+  <td align=left colspan=1><font face=Helvetica size=3><span
+  style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>a.<span style="mso-spacerun:
+  yes">&nbsp; </span>cross tissue types (a polymorphic liver enzyme may affect
+  CNS gene expression)</font><br>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+  <td colspan=1></td>
+  <td align=left colspan=1><font face=Helvetica size=3><span
+  style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>b.<span style="mso-spacerun:
+  yes">&nbsp; </span>cross time (the modulator is only expressed for one day
+  during development but has permanent effects in adults),</font><br>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+  <td colspan=1></td>
+  <td align=left colspan=1><font face=Helvetica size=3><span
+  style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>c.<span style="mso-spacerun:
+  yes">&nbsp; </span>may be contingent on environmental factors (heat shock may
+  trigger the expression of a polymorphic factor that affects mRNA abundance).</font><br>
+  </td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+</div>
+<script language=JavaScript><!--
+function playList() {
+
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+</script>
+</body>
+</html>
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