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+HBP/Rosen Striatum M430v2 (April05) RMA Clean 
Accession number: GN69
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+ Summary:
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+This April 2005 data freeze provides estimates of mRNA expression in the striatum (caudate nucleus of the forebrain) of 31 lines of mice including C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, and 29 BXD recombinant inbred strains. Data were generated using Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 short oligomer microarrays at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC, Boston MA) by Glenn D. Rosen with the support of a Human Brain Project (HBP) grant. Approximately 250 brain samples (males and females) from 31 strains were used in this experiment. Samples were hybridized to a total of 48 arrays. This particular data set was processed using the RMA protocol. To simplify comparison among different transforms, RMA values of each array have been adjusted to an average expression of 8 units and a standard deviation of 2 units.
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+ About the cases used to generate this set of data:
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+We have used a set of BXD recombinant inbred strains generated by crossing C57BL/6J (B6 or B) with DBA/2J (D2 or D). The BXDs are particularly useful for systems genetics because both parental strains have been sequenced (8x coverage of B6 and 1.5x coverage for D). Physical maps in WebQTL incorporate approximately 1.75 million B vs D SNPs from Celera. BXD2 through BXD32 were bred by Benjamin A. Taylor starting in the late 1970s. BXD33 through 42 were bred by Taylor in the 1990s. These strains are available from The Jackson Laboratory.
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+ About the tissue used to generate this set of data:
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+Animals were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory and housed for several weeks at BIDMC until they reached ~2 months of age (range from 55 to 62 days). Mice were killed by cervical dislocation and brains were removed and placed in RNAlater for 20 to 25 minutes prior to dissection. Cerebella and olfactory bulbs were removed; brains were hemisected, and both striata were dissected using a medial approach by GD Rosen that typically yields 5 to 7 mg of tissue per side. The purity of this dissection has been validated by an analysis of acetylcholinestase activity. A pool of dissected tissue from 3 or 4 adults (approximately 25 to 30 mg of tissue) of the same strain, sex, and age was collected in one session and used to generate cRNA samples.
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+RNA was extracted by Rosen and colleagues and was then processed by the BIDMC Genomics Core. Labeled cRNA was generated using the Amersham Biosciences cRNA synthesis kit protocol.
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+Replication and Sample Balance: Our goal is to obtain data for independent biological sample pools from at least one sample from each sex for all BXD strains. We have not yet achieved this goal. Fifteen of 31 strains are represented by male and female samples. The remaining 16 strains are still represented by single sex samples: BXD6 (F), BXD9 (F), BXD11 (F), BXD12(F), BXD13 (F), BXD14 (M), BXD19 (F), BXD20 (F), BXD22 (M), BXD24 (M), BXD27 (F), BXD28 (F), BXD32 (M), BXD39 (M), C57BL/6J (M), and DBA/2J (M).
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+ Batch Structure: This data set consists of arrays processed in three batches with several "reruns" for the first batch. All arrays were run using a single protocol. All data have been corrected for batch effects as described below.
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+The table below lists the arrays by strain, sex, sample name, and batch ID. Each array was hybridized to a pool of mRNA from 3 to 4 mice. All mice were between 55 and 62 days.
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+| Id | Strain |
+Sex |
+Sample_name |
+BatchId |
+| 1 | C57BL/6J | M | Chip41_Batch02_B6_M_Str | Batch02 |
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+| 2 | BXD1 | F | Chip03_Batch03_BXD1_F_Str | Batch03 |
+| 3 | BXD1 | M | Chip04_Batch03_BXD1_M_Str | Batch03 |
+| 4 | BXD2 | F | Chip20_Rerun01_BXD2_F_Str | Rerun01 |
+| 5 | BXD2 | M | Chip05_Batch01_BXD2_M_Str | Batch01 |
+| 6 | BXD5 | F | Chip10_Batch03_BXD5_F_Str | Batch03 |
+| 7 | BXD5 | M | Chip12_Batch03_BXD5_M_Str | Batch03 |
+| 8 | BXD6 | F | Chip38_Batch02_BXD6_F_Str | Batch02 |
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+| 9 | BXD8 | F | Chip07_Batch03_BXD8_F_Str | Batch03 |
+| 10 | BXD8 | M | Chip02_Batch03_BXD8_M_Str | Batch03 |
+| 11 | BXD9 | F | Chip16_Batch01_BXD9_F_Str | Batch01 |
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+| 12 | BXD11 | F | Chip31_Batch02_BXD11_F_Str | Batch02 |
+| 13 | BXD12 | F | Chip11_Batch01_BXD12_F_Str | Batch01 |
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+| 14 | BXD13 | F | Chip33_Batch02_BXD13_F_Str | Batch02 |
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+| 15 | BXD14 | M | Chip47_Rerun01_BXD14_M_Str | Rerun01 |
+| 16 | BXD15 | F | Chip21_Batch01_BXD15_F_Str | Batch01 |
+| 17 | BXD15 | M | Chip13_Batch01_BXD15_M_Str | Batch01 |
+| 18 | BXD16 | F | Chip36_Batch02_BXD16_F_Str | Batch02 |
+| 19 | BXD16 | M | Chip44_Rerun01_BXD16_M_Str | Rerun01 |
+| 20 | BXD18 | F | Chip15_Batch03_BXD18_F_Str | Batch03 |
+| 21 | BXD18 | M | Chip19_Batch03_BXD18_M_Str | Batch03 |
+| 22 | BXD19 | F | Chip19_Batch01_BXD19_F_Str | Batch01 |
+| 23 | BXD20 | F | Chip14_Batch03_BXD20_F_Str | Batch03 |
+| 24 | BXD21 | F | Chip18_Batch01_BXD21_F_Str | Batch01 |
+| 25 | BXD21 | M | Chip09_Batch01_BXD21_M_Str | Batch01 |
+| 26 | BXD22 | M | Chip13_Batch03_BXD22_M_Str | Batch03 |
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+| 27 | BXD24 | M | Chip17_Batch03_BXD24_M_Str | Batch03 |
+| 28 | BXD27 | F | Chip29_Batch02_BXD27_F_Str | Batch02 |
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+| 29 | BXD28 | F | Chip06_Batch01_BXD28_F_Str | Batch01 |
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+| 30 | BXD29 | F | Chip45_Batch02_BXD29_F_Str | Batch02 |
+| 31 | BXD29 | M | Chip42_Batch02_BXD29_M_Str | Batch02 |
+| 32 | BXD31 | F | Chip14_Batch01_BXD31_F_Str | Batch01 |
+| 33 | BXD31 | M | Chip09_Batch03_BXD31_M_Str | Batch03 |
+| 34 | BXD32 | M | Chip30_Batch02_BXD32_M_Str | Batch02 |
+| 35 | BXD33 | F | Chip27_Rerun01_BXD33_F_Str | Rerun01 |
+| 36 | BXD33 | M | Chip34_Batch02_BXD33_M_Str | Batch02 |
+| 37 | BXD34 | F | Chip03_Batch01_BXD34_F_Str | Batch01 |
+| 38 | BXD34 | M | Chip07_Batch01_BXD34_M_Str | Batch01 |
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+| 39 | BXD38 | F | Chip17_Batch01_BXD38_F_Str | Batch01 |
+| 40 | BXD38 | M | Chip24_Batch01_BXD38_M_Str | Batch01 |
+| 41 | BXD39 | M | Chip20_Batch03_BXD39_M_Str | Batch03 |
+| 42 | BXD39 | F | Chip23_Batch03_BXD39_F_Str | Batch03 |
+| 43 | BXD39 | M | Chip43_Rerun01_BXD39_M_Str | Rerun01 |
+| 44 | BXD40 | F | Chip08_Rerun01_BXD40_F_Str | Rerun01 |
+| 45 | BXD40 | M | Chip22_Batch01_BXD40_M_Str | Batch01 |
+| 46 | BXD42 | F | Chip35_Batch02_BXD42_F_Str | Batch02 |
+| 47 | BXD42 | M | Chip32_Batch02_BXD42_M_Str | Batch02 |
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+| 48 | DBA/2J | M | Chip05_Batch03_D2_M_Str | Batch03 |
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+ About the array platform :
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+Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 array: The 430v2 array consists of 992936 useful 25-nucleotide probes that estimate the expression of approximately 39,000 transcripts (many are near duplicates). The array sequences were selected late in 2002 using Unigene Build 107. The array nominally contains the same probe sequence as the 430A and B series. However, we have found that roughy 75000 probes differ from those on A and B arrays.
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+ About data processing:
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+Probe (cell) level data from the CEL file: These CEL values produced by GCOS are 75% quantiles from a set of 91 pixel values per cell.
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+- Step 1: We added an offset of 1.0 unit to each cell signal to ensure that all values could be logged without generating negative values. We then computed the log base 2 of each cell.
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- Step 2: We performed a quantile normalization of the log base 2 values for the total set of 105 arrays (processed as two batches) using the same initial steps used by the RMA transform.
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- Step 3: We computed the Z scores for each cell value.
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- Step 4: We multiplied all Z scores by 2.
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- Step 5: We added 8 to the value of all Z scores. The consequence of this simple set of transformations is to produce a set of Z scores that have a mean of 8, a variance of 4, and a standard deviation of 2. The advantage of this modified Z score is that a two-fold difference in expression level corresponds approximately to a 1 unit difference.
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- Step 6: We eliminated much of the systematic technical variance introduced by the batches at the probe level. To do this we calculated the ratio of each batch mean to the mean of all batches and used this as a single multiplicative probe-specific batch correction factor. The consequence of this simple correction is that the mean probe signal for each batch is the same.
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- Step 7: Finally, we computed the arithmetic mean of the values for the set of microarrays for each strain. Technical replicates were averaged before computing the mean for independent biological samples. Note, that we have not (yet) corrected for variance introduced by differences in sex or any interaction terms. We have not corrected for background beyond the background correction implemented by Affymetrix in generating the CEL file. We eventually hope to add statistical controls and adjustments for some of these variables.
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+Probe set data: The expression values were generated using RMA. The same simple steps described above were also applied to these values. Every microarray data set therefore has a mean expression of 8 with a standard deviation of 2. A 1 unit difference represents roughly a two-fold difference in expression level. Expression levels below 5 are usually close to background noise levels.
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+Data quality control: A total of 48 samples passed RNA quality control.
+Probe level QC: Log2 probe data of all arrays were inspected in DataDesk before and after quantile normalization. Inspection involved examining scatterplots of pairs of arrays for signal homogeneity (i.e., high correlation and linearity of the bivariate plots) and looking at all pairs of correlation coefficients (62x61/2). Arrays with probe data that was not homogeneous when compared to any other arrays was flagged. If the correlation at the probe level was less than approximately 0.92 we deleted that array data set. Three arrays we lost during this process (BXD19_M_Str_Batch03, BXD23_F_Str_Batch03, and BXD24_F_Str_Batch03).
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+ Probe set level QC: The final normalized array expression values were evaluated for outliers. This involved counting the number of times that the probe set value for a particular array was beyond two standard deviations of the mean of all arrays. (We used the PDNN, RMA and Mas5 transform as our reference probe set data for this QC step.) Two strains, each represented by single arrays, generated greater than 5,000 outlier counts (10% of the number of probe sets). These two strains generated a great number of outliers across the entire range of expression and since we do not yet have replicate arrays for either of these two strains we opted to delete them from the final April 2005 striatum data sets. Eleven arrays we lost during this process (B6_M_Str_Batch03, BXD6_M_Str_Batch02, BXD9_M_Str_Batch01, BXD12_M_Str_Batch03, BXD14_F_Str_Batch02, BXD23_M_Str_Batch03, BXD27_M_Str_Batch02, BXD28_M_Str_Batch01, BXD36_F_Str_Batch03, BXD36_M_Str_Batch03, and D2_M_Str_Batch01 ).
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+ Data source acknowledgment:
+Data were generated with funds to Glenn Rosen from P20
+MH62009 (see below for specifics). Samples and arrays were processed by the
+Genomics Core at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center by Towia Libermann and colleagues.
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+ About this text file:
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+This text file originally generated by GDR, RWW, and YHQ on Nov 2004. Updated by RWW Nov 17, 2004; GDR and RWW, Dec 23, 2004; RWW and GDR April 8, 2005.
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